Antidirrhoetics Flashcards
What are the main drugs prescribed to stop diarrhoea ?
Loperamide
Codeine
Morphine
Loperamide is the first line agent prescribed to stop diarrhoea. What is the mechanism of action?
Acts on the Mu receptors in the myenteric plexus
Decrease tone of the smooth muscles, reduces peristalsis but increases segmental contractions.
Decreases mass movement through suppressing the gastrocolic reflex.
Why might codeine and morphine be prescribed instead of loperamide?
Works on both Mu and delta receptors, therefore similar effects but also helps with pain relief
What are the side effects of codeine and morphine?
Paralytic ileus
N &V
Sedation and addiction
What lifestyle modifications can be made to improve loose stool?
Banana- high in K and fibre
White rice - bind stool
White bread/pasta- low in fibre
Limit fruit to 3 x day
Avoid caffeine, sorbitol, fatty, spicy food and fizzy drinks
Consider probiotics
What conditions may cause long term loose stools?
IBS IBD Short bowel Hypermotility Drug side effects