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Brain and Behavior > antidepressants (test 3) > Flashcards

antidepressants (test 3) Flashcards

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The Brain flashcards
1
Q

Name 5 examples of Tricyclics (TCA)?

A

amitriptyline, nortriptyline, clomipramine, desipramine, imipramine

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2
Q

What do TCAs do?

A

boost serotonin and norepinephrine

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3
Q

What are the clinical uses of TCAs?

A

depression, neuropathic and chronic pain, migraine prevention, may help primary insomnia

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4
Q

What are side effects of TCAs?

A

weight gain, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, sexual side effects, cardiac adverse effects; may be LETHAL in OD

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5
Q

Notes on TCA amitriptyline?

A

dosing = 25 mg QHS initially, target dose 50-150 mg/day

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6
Q

Notes on TCA clomipramine?

A

the most serotoninergic TCA, as such works for OCD

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7
Q

Notes on TCA desipramine?

A

fewer anticholinergic side effects compared to other TCAs

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8
Q

Notes on TCA imipramine?

A

also approved for enuresis

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9
Q

Notes on TCA nortriptyline?

A

plasma levels well studied and may be used to monitor compliance and metabolism

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10
Q

What two suffixes do TCAs generally end with?

A

-iptyline or -ipramine

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11
Q

What two suffixes do TCAs generally end with?

A

-iptyline or -ipramine

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12
Q

Name 4 examples of SSRIs and the mnemonic to remember they with.

A

Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram; FLashbacks PARalyze SEnior CITizens

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13
Q

What do SSRIs do?

A

boost mostly serotonin

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14
Q

What are clinical uses of SSRIs?

A

depression, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, OCD, PTSD

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15
Q

What are adverse effects of SSRIs?

A

GI side effects initially, sexual side effects

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16
Q

Notes on SSRI citalopram?

A

dosing = 20 mg QD initially, may increase to 40 mg QD. At higher doses may cause QT prolongation

17
Q

Notes on SSRI fluoxetine?

A

also FDA approved for bulimia nervosa, panic disorders, and bipolar depression – in conjunction with olanzapine

18
Q

Notes on SSRI Paroxetine?

A

can cause constipation, dry mouth, and sedation

19
Q

Notes on SSRI Sertraline?

A

has some ability to block dopamine reuptake, which may lead to activation or increased energy

20
Q

Notes on SSRI Sertraline?

A

has some ability to block dopamine reuptake, which may lead to activation or increased energy

21
Q

Name 2 Serotonin Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs).

A

Venlafaxine and Duloxetine

22
Q

What do SNRIs do?

A

boost serotonin and norepinephrine

23
Q

What are adverse effects of SNRIs?

A

GI side effects initially; sexual side effects

24
Q

Notes on SNRI venlafaxine?

A

watch for blood pressure increases; may cause withdrawal syndrome

25
Q

Notes on SNRI duloxetine?

A

also used for diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia

26
Q

Name one Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI).

A

selegiline

27
Q

What are MAOIs used for?

A

recommended for atypical depression and treatment resistant depression. MAOIs are rarely used today due to dietary restrictions.

28
Q

Notes on MAOI selegiline?

A

transdermal approach for depression, oral for Parkinson disease

29
Q

Name 4 atypical antidepressants (don’t fit in the other categories).

A

bupropion, mirtazapine, trazodone, nefazodone

30
Q

What are the clinical uses of bupropion?

A

depression, seasonal affective disorder, SMOKING CESSATION; may be added to SSRI to reverse or alleviate sexual side effects

31
Q

What are the two antidepressants that don’t have sexual side effects?

A

bupropion and mirtazapine

32
Q

What are some problems with mirtazapine?

A

can cause sedation and increased appetite.. BUT its unlikely to cause sexual side effects so that’s a bonus

33
Q

What are some problems with mirtazapine?

A

can cause sedation and increased appetite.. BUT it’s unlikely to cause sexual side effects so that’s a bonus

34
Q

What are some side effects with trazodone?

A

sedation but with low weight gain. PRIAPISM (long-lasting, painful erection) is a rare but important adverse effect to consider.

35
Q

Why is nefazodone rarely used?

A

VERY HEPATOTOXIC!!!

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