Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuro Midterm > Antidepressants > Flashcards

Antidepressants Flashcards

0
Q

Sertraline

A

Serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor

  • Block reuptake of 5HT &raise synaptic levels of 5HT
  • Sertraline also blocks DA reuptake
  • More specific than TCAs w/ less side effects
  • Acute effects: CNS stimulation: anxiety & agitation
  • Long term: Improves depression w/ resolved anxiety
  • Use: depression, panic disorders, OCD, eating disorders, anxiety
  • Adverse effects:
    • Headache
    • GI: nausea, weight loss
    • Sexual dysfunction: decreased libido & anorgasmia
    • Stimulant: insomnia, agitation, anxiety
    • Withdrawal problems possible
  • Withdrawal: High therapeutic index, but withdrawal possible
    • HA, agitation, sleep problems
    • Should taper the dose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Fluoxetine

A
  • Serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor
  • Block reuptake of 5HT &raise synaptic levels of 5HT
  • More specific than TCAs w/ less side effects
  • Acute effects: CNS stimulation: anxiety & agitation
  • Long term: Improves depression w/ resolved anxiety
  • Use: depression, panic disorders, OCD, eating disorders, anxiety
  • Adverse effects:
    • Headache
    • GI: nausea, weight loss
    • Sexual dysfunction: decreased libido & anorgasmia
    • Stimulant: insomnia, agitation, anxiety
    • Withdrawal problems possible
  • Withdrawal: High therapeutic index, but withdrawal possible
    • HA, agitation, sleep problems
    • Should taper the dose
    • Less common w/ fluoxetine
  • Interactions: Inhibits CYP2D6 &CYP3A4 causing many drug interactions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Paroxetine

A

Serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor

  • Block reuptake of 5HT &raise synaptic levels of 5HT
  • More specific than TCAs w/ less side effects
  • Acute effects: CNS stimulation: anxiety & agitation
  • Long term: Improves depression w/ resolved anxiety
  • Use: depression, panic disorders, OCD, eating disorders, anxiety
  • Adverse effects:
    • Headache
    • GI: nausea, weight loss
    • Sexual dysfunction: decreased libido & anorgasmia
    • Stimulant: insomnia, agitation, anxiety
    • Withdrawal problems possible
  • Withdrawal: High therapeutic index, but withdrawal possible
    • HA, agitation, sleep problems
    • Should taper the dose
  • Interactions: Inhibits CYP2D6 causing many drug interactions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Venlafaxine

A
  • Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor
  • Inhibits reuptake of 5HT & NE
    • don’t block NT like TCA, so similar to SSRI
  • Uses: neuropathies, fibromyalgias, anxiety, stress incontinence
  • Adverse effects:
    • Headache
    • GI: nausea, weight loss
    • Sexual dysfunction: decreased libido & anorgasmia
    • Stimulant: insomnia, agitation, anxiety
    • Withdrawal problems possible
  • Withdrawal: High therapeutic index, but withdrawal possible
    • HA, agitation, sleep problems
    • Should taper the dose
    • Less common w/ fluoxetine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Duloxetine

A
  • Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor
  • Inhibits reuptake of 5HT & NE
    • don’t block NT like TCA, so similar to SSRI
  • Uses: neuropathies, fibromyalgias, anxiety, stress incontinence
  • Adverse effects:
    • Headache
    • GI: nausea, weight loss
    • Sexual dysfunction: decreased libido & anorgasmia
    • Stimulant: insomnia, agitation, anxiety
    • Withdrawal problems possible
  • Withdrawal: High therapeutic index, but withdrawal possible
    • HA, agitation, sleep problems
    • Should taper the dose
    • Less common w/ fluoxetine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Trazodone

A

-Serotonin antagonist/reuptake inhibitor
*weak inhibitor of 5HT reuptake
*antagonist of post-synaptic 5HT2A &2C receptors
-Side effects: sedation, orthostatic hypotension, nausea, dizzy
Nausea & agitation
*Caused by blocking other CNS receptors (∂1 & H1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Bupropion

A
  • Norepinephrine & dopamine reuptake inhibitor
  • Antidepressant that inhibits DA & NE reuptake
    • Can also be used to treat nicotine addiction or ADHD
  • Few side effects: dry mouth, nausea, stimulation
  • Adverse effects: agitation, insomnia, headache, nausea
    • Seizures
  • Overdose associated w/ agitation, delirium, & seizures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Mitazapine

A
  • Antidepressant: antagonizes presynaptic ∂2 adrenergic receptors
    • Increases noradrenergic & serotenergic transmission
    • Little effect on reuptake
    • Also 5HT antagonist
  • Side effect: sedation, weight gain, dizzy, dry mouth, constipation
    • due to blocking other CNS receptors & potent H1 antagonist
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Imipramine

A
  • Tricyclic Antidepressant: tertiary amine
  • Blocks neuronal reuptake of NE & 5HT
    • Favors 5HT
  • Uses: depression, panic disorders, OCD, anxiety, chronic pain, ADHD, migraine prophylaxis
  • Side effects: sedation, seizure, orthostatic hypotension,
    • anticholinergic effects: dry mouth confusion, weight gain
    • Sexual dysfunction
  • Overdose: lower therapeutic index- coma convulsions, CV
    • Must dispense in small amounts b/c may be suicidal
  • Interactions: metabolized by CYP450
    • effects increased by neuroleptics, contraceptives, SSRIs
    • effects decreased by barbituates, carbamazepine, rifampin
    • potentiate sympathomimetics & anticholinergics
    • block effects of guanethidine & clonidine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Amitriptyline

A

Tricyclic Antidepressant: tertiary amine

  • Blocks neuronal reuptake of NE & 5HT
    • Favors 5HT but break down to secondary so affect NE too
  • Uses: depression, panic disorders, OCD, anxiety, chronic pain, ADHD, migraine prophylaxis
  • Side effects: sedation, seizure, orthostatic hypotension,
    • anticholinergic effects: dry mouth confusion, weight gain
    • Sexual dysfunction
  • Overdose: lower therapeutic index- coma convulsions, CV
    • Must dispense in small amounts b/c may be suicidal
  • Interactions: metabolized by CYP450
    • effects increased by neuroleptics, contraceptives, SSRIs
    • effects decreased by barbituates, carbamazepine, rifampin
    • potentiate sympathomimetics & anticholinergics
    • block effects of guanethidine & clonidine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Desipramine

A
  • Tricyclic Antidepressant: secondary amine
  • Blocks neuronal reuptake of NE & 5HT
    • Favors NE
  • Uses: depression, panic disorders, OCD, anxiety, chronic pain, ADHD, migraine prophylaxis
  • Side effects: sedation, seizure, orthostatic hypotension,
    • anticholinergic effects: dry mouth confusion, weight gain
    • Sexual dysfunction
  • Overdose: lower therapeutic index- coma convulsions, CV
    • Must dispense in small amounts b/c may be suicidal
  • Interactions: metabolized by CYP450
    • effects increased by neuroleptics, contraceptives, SSRIs
    • effects decreased by barbituates, carbamazepine, rifampin
    • potentiate sympathomimetics & anticholinergics
    • block effects of guanethidine & clonidine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Nortriptyline

A

Tricyclic Antidepressant: secondary amine

  • Blocks neuronal reuptake of NE & 5HT
    • Favors NE
  • Uses: depression, panic disorders, OCD, anxiety, chronic pain, ADHD, migraine prophylaxis
  • Side effects: sedation, seizure, orthostatic hypotension,
    • anticholinergic effects: dry mouth confusion, weight gain
    • Sexual dysfunction
  • Overdose: lower therapeutic index- coma convulsions, CV
    • Must dispense in small amounts b/c may be suicidal
  • Interactions: metabolized by CYP450
    • effects increased by neuroleptics, contraceptives, SSRIs
    • effects decreased by barbituates, carbamazepine, rifampin
    • potentiate sympathomimetics & anticholinergics
    • block effects of guanethidine & clonidine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tranylcypromine

A
  • Monoamine oxidase inhibitor: blocks oxidative metabolism of biogenic amines by irreversibly inhibiting MAO-A & MAO-B
  • Use: depression, panic disorders, agoraphobia
  • Adverse effects: orthostatic hypotension, CNS stimulation, GI distress, & sexual dysfunction
  • Overdose: uncommon; hyperthermia, shock, seizures
  • Interactions: indirect sympathomimetics
    • food w/ tyramine (cheese & red wine)
    • Amphetamines, L-DOPA
    • Cannot use w/ SSRI: serotonin syndrome
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Lithium

A
  • Mood Stabilizer to treat Bipolar disorder
  • MOA: Unknown
  • Side effects: movement (tremor)
    • Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
    • Hypothyroidism
    • Pregnancy problems
    • Shit load of other stuff: edema, GI
  • Toxicity: narrow therapeutic window
  • Interactions: NSAIDs & thaizides increase toxicity by reducing elimination
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Valaproic Acid/ Valproate

A
  • Antiseizure medication
  • Used 1st line in tonic-clonic seizures
    • Also as adjunct to Lithium in treatment of bipolar disorder
  • MOA: increased Na+ channel activation & increased [GABA]
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Carbamazipine

A
  • Antiseizure medication
  • Used 1st line for partial seizures
    • Also as adjunct to Lithium in bipolar disorder
  • MOA: increased Na+ channel inactivation
16
Q

Lamotrigine

A
  • Antiseizure medication for partial seizures
  • Approved for maintenance therapy for bipolar disorder
  • MOA: blocks voltage gated Na+ channels

Neuro Midterm (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions