Antidepressants

Question 1

Serotonin syndrome

Answer 1

SSRIs when used with other antidepressants. Lethargy, restlessness, and confusion.

Question 2

SSRIs

Answer 2

Fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine, citalopram, escitalopram, fluvoxamine.

Question 3

Discontinuation Syndrome

Answer 3

Found in short half life SSRIs, SNRIs, and Selegiline. (Paroxetine, Sertraline). Dizziness, paresthesias, and anxiety.

Question 4

TCA Overdose

Answer 4

Convulsions, coma, and cardiac arrythmia

Question 5

Desipramine

Answer 5

TCA with weak anticholinergic effects, stronger NE reuptake inhibition. Used in neuropathic pain.

Question 6

Amitriptyline

Answer 6

TCA that is highly anticholinergic, anti alpha one, and sedative.

Question 7

Tranylcypromine

Answer 7

Irreversible MAO A and B inhibitors. Very bad side effects.

Question 8

Venlafaxine

Answer 8

SNRI with weak NE and strong 5HT.

Question 9

MAOI Side Effects

Answer 9

Most commonly orthostatic hypotension and weight gain. Consuming Tyramine can lead to a hypertensive crisis.

Question 10

Neurotropic Depression Hypothesis

Answer 10

Lack of 5HT, NE, DA and lack of BDNF which supports healthy neurons.

Question 11

SSRI side effects

Answer 11

1st Week: Nausea, GI irritation, diarrhea. Longterm: Sexual dysfunction (30-40%). Serotonin syndrome and Discontinuation syndrome.

Question 12

Monoamine Depression Hypothesis

Answer 12

Lack of 5HT, NE, and DA

Question 13

Duloxetine

Answer 13

SNRI with balanced NE and 5HT. Used for neuropathic pain.

Question 14

Trazadone

Answer 14

Ayptical, blocks H1 receptor. Sedative effects without tolerance or dependence. Unlabeled hypnotic. Causes priapism

Question 15

Selegiline

Answer 15

MAO B inhibitor at low dosages and nonselective at higher doses. Prone to sudden discontinuation syndrome. Can also be used in Parkinson’s.

Question 16

TCAs

Answer 16

Used as antidepressants and for chronic neuropathic pain. Blocks both 5HT and NE reuptake.

Question 17

MAOIs

Answer 17

First modern antidepressant, now last line. Inhibits MAO-A and B. A degrades NE, 5HT and DA. B degrades DA.

Question 18

Imipramine

Answer 18

TCA with anticholinergic effects (Bedwetting) and strong 5HT and NE reuptake inhibition.

Question 19

Phenelzine

Answer 19

Irreversible MAO A and B inhibitors. Very bad side effects.

Question 20

TCA Side Effects

Answer 20

Dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, and confusion. Sedation, weight gain. Delerium in the elderly and orthostatic hypotension.

Question 21

Merazapine

Answer 21

Atypical. Blocks alpha 2 and increases 5HT and NE release. Antiemetic. Side effects: sedation, weight gain

Question 22

Lithium

Answer 22

Used with antidepressants and anticonvulsants to treat bipolar disorder. Side effects: Tremors, hypothyroidism, Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, acne, psoriasis. DO NOT USE WITH LOOP DIURETICS OR THIAZIDE.