Anticoagulants

Question 1

Heparin MOA

Answer 1

accelerates the rate of ATII which neutralizes Xa

Question 2

When can Heparin not be used?

Answer 2

for bound clots but is good during pregnancy

Question 3

Side Effect of Heparin

Answer 3

HIT (Plus <100,000)

Question 4

Lab for monitoring heparin levels?

Answer 4

ACT

Question 5

IV Heparin stop time?

Answer 5

4-6 hours

Question 6

SubQ Hep Stop time

Answer 6

12 hours

Question 7

Protamine Sulfate MOA?

Answer 7

heparin antagonists and acts as a reversal agent

Question 8

Names of Low Molecular Weight Heparins (LMWH)?

Answer 8

end in -aparin and sodium (Ex: Enoxaparin Sodium)

Question 9

LMWH MOA?

Answer 9

inhibiting factor Xa and factor 11a (thrombin)

Question 10

Monitoring for LMWH?

Answer 10

Anti Xa level

Question 11

Considerations for LMWH?

Answer 11

must be renaly dosed

Question 12

Fondparinux

Answer 12

High risk of spinal/epidural hematoma

Question 13

Names of oral Xa inhibitors?

Answer 13

Have Xa in them (Ex) Apixaban, Edoxaban)

Question 14

How long should Xa inhibitors be held?

Answer 14

1-2 days prior to surgery unless high risk and Dabigatran is up to four days

Question 15

Oral Xa reversal

Answer 15

Andexxa

Question 16

Argotroban MOA?

Answer 16

Direct thrombin inhibitor (IIa)

Question 17

Lab value to monitor with argotroban?

Answer 17

aPTT

Question 18

Examples of Direct thrombin inhibitors?

Answer 18

-Irudin (Ex) Bivalirudin

Question 19

MOA od Direct thrombin inhibitors?

Answer 19

Bind irreversibly to the active catalytic and substrate-recognition sites of both circulating and clot-bound thrombin

Question 20

What class is Dabigatran?

Answer 20

IIa direct thrombin inhibitor

Question 21

Warfarins MOA?

Answer 21

indirect anticoagulant that alters the synthesis of blood coag factors II, VII, IX, and X (2,7,9,10) by interfering with the action of Vitamin K

Question 22

Reversal agent for Warfarin?

Answer 22

Vitamin K and takes up to 24 hours to work

Question 23

Names of thrombolytic agents?

Answer 23

-kinase or -eplase

Question 24

MOA of Thrombolytic agents?

Answer 24

t-PA binds to fibrin and plasminogen and converts bound plasminogen to plasmin

Question 25

Amicar MOA?

Answer 25

mono amino carboxylic acid: inhibitor of fibronlysis and indirect inhibitor of plasmin’s anti-platelet effects

Question 26

TXA MOA?

Answer 26

competitive inhibitor of several plasminogen binding sites

Question 27

NovoSeven RT use?

Answer 27

Used for patients with Hemophilia A or B

Question 28

What is vonWillebrand’s factor?

Answer 28

Changes the shape of the platelet

Question 29

Hold time for Aspirin?

Answer 29

5-7 days

Question 30

NSAIDs hold time?

Answer 30

2 days

Question 31

Thienopyridine ADP-Receptor Antagonists

Answer 31

-Grel and examples include clopidogrel and ticagrelor