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UNRS 212 > Anticoagulant Therapy > Flashcards

Anticoagulant Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Use

A

Prophylaxis & DVT treatment

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2
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Action

A

DIRECT: potentiates action of antithrombin & inactivates factor Xa

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3
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Onset

A

unknown

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4
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Duration (after discontinued)

A

24 hours

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5
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Treatment

A

Usually short term

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6
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Route

A

Subcutaneous (SQ)

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7
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Lab Test

A

Not required

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8
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Normal Times

A

N/A

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9
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Therapeutic Levels

A

N/A

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10
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Adverse Effects

A

Bleeding, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT, 25%)

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11
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Antidote

A

Protamine Sulfate

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12
Q

heparin Use

A

VTE (PE & DVT) treatment. Prevents worsening, no effect on existing clots.

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13
Q

heparin Action

A

INDIRECT: Enhances inh. Fx of anti-thrombin III, prevents activation of clotting factors

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14
Q

heparin Onset

A

SQ = Rapid: 20-60 min; IV = immediate

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15
Q

heparin Duration

A

SQ = 12-24 hrs; IV = 2-6 hrs

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16
Q

heparin Treatment

A

PRN

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17
Q

heparin Route

A

SQ or IV

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18
Q

heparin Lab Test

A

PTT (Partial Thromboplastin Time)

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19
Q

heparin Normal Times

A

PTT 30-40 sec

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20
Q

heparin Therapeutic Levels

A

PTT: 1.5-2.5 times normal

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21
Q

heparin Adverse Effects

A

Bleeding, HIT

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22
Q

heparin Antidote

A

Protamine Sulfate

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23
Q

warfarin (Coumadin) Use

A

Prophylaxis & VTE (PE/DVT) treatment; stroke prevention in PTs w/ AF or cardiac valve replacement

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24
Q

warfarin (Coumadin) Action

A

Vit K Antagonist: interferes w/ hepatic synth. of Vit K depend. clotting factors II, VII, IX, X

25
Q

warfarin (Coumadin) Onset

A

Delayed: 2-5 days

26
Q

warfarin (Coumadin) Treatment

A

Short term or years

27
Q

warfarin (Coumadin) Route

A

PO

28
Q

warfarin (Coumadin) Lab Test

A

PT/INR

29
Q

warfarin (Coumadin) Normal Times

A

PT 11-25.5 sec; INR 0.8-1.1 (a ratio)

30
Q

warfarin (Coumadin) Therapeutic Levels

A

PT 1.5-2 times normal values; INR 2-3

31
Q

warfarin (Coumadin) Adverse Effects

A

Bleeding & acute renal failure

32
Q

warfarin (Coumadin) Antidote

A

Vitamin K

33
Q

rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) Use

A

Stroke prevention & embolism non-valve related AF

34
Q

rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) Action

A

Inactivates coagulation factor Xa; inhibiting clotting

35
Q

rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) Onset

A

1-3 hours

36
Q

rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) Duration

A

12-14 hours

37
Q

rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) Treatment

A

Years

38
Q

rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) Route

A

PO

39
Q

rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) Lab Test

A

creatinine clearance

40
Q

rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) Normal Times

A

N/A

41
Q

rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) Therapeutic Levels

A

N/A

42
Q

rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) Adverse Effects

A

Bleeding; acute renal failure

43
Q

rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) Antidote

A

Charcoal within 2-3 hrs of intake or (non)activated PCC; hemodialysis

44
Q

dabigatran (Pradaxa) Use

A

Preventing stroke & embolism due to non-valvular related AF

45
Q

dabigatran (Pradaxa) Action

A

DIRECT: Potentiates the action of antithrombin

46
Q

dabigatran (Pradaxa) Onset

A

1-3 hours

47
Q

dabigatran (Pradaxa) Duration

A

12-14 hours

48
Q

dabigatran (Pradaxa) Treatment

A

years

49
Q

dabigatran (Pradaxa) Route

A

PO

50
Q

dabigatran (Pradaxa) Normal Times

A

N/A

51
Q

dabigatran (Pradaxa) Therapeutic Levels

A

N/A

52
Q

dabigatran (Pradaxa) Adverse Effects

A

Bleeding; Acute renal failure

53
Q

dabigatran (Pradaxa) Antidote

A

Charcoal within 2-3 hrs of intake or (non)activated PCC; hemodialysis

54
Q

When can spontaneous bleeding occur?

A

Above PTT > 100 secs; PT > 30 secs

55
Q

What does antithrombotic therapy reduce risk of?

A

AF, stroke, ACS, heart valve replacement issues, VTE (PE, DVT), hypercoagulable states, & stent clotting

56
Q

What is the main antagonist for anticoagulants?

A

Vitamin K

57
Q

When should you discontinue the use of anticoagulants? Who should you clarify with?

A

Before surgical procedures; MD,NP, or PA order

58
Q

What are other antithrombotic drugs?

A

Aspirin, NSAIDS, Dipyridamole, Clopidrogel, & Ticlodipine

UNRS 212 (14 decks)

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