anticoag CIS Flashcards
PPAR alpha agonist prototype
fibrates. Gemfibrazil, e.g.
increases expression of LPL –> vs. VLDL and chylomicrons
most useful for decreasing triglycerides
can cause RUQ abdominal pain
agent that binds bile acids
cholestyramine, e.g., can cause constipation
targets bile acids
incorporates into nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
niacin- increases HDL
can cause flushing, itching
avoid hot showers and hot drinks
take an aspirin an hour before hand, but the side effects will go away in a couple of weeks
inhibits absorption of cholesterol
ezetimibe
inhibits rate-lmiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis
statin, can cause rhabdomyolysis
biggest effect on LDL
genetic changes associated with a statin?
increased LDL receptor expression
what antihyperlipidemic impacts glucose?
niacin, causes flushing and hyperglycemia
what causes myopathy as side effect, and what lab value would be raised?
statin –> myopathy–> Creatine Kinase
PCSK9
binds the LDL receptor and leads to endocytosis and, ultimately, degradation of the LDL receptor
a PCSK9 inhibitor would –> increased levels of LDL receptors
hypothyroidism symptoms
feeling tired, cold
what agent decreases LDL without impacting anything else?
bile acid sequestrants
make sure to spread it out from other medications because it will inhibit others via the CYP
mechanism of heparin anticoagulation
binding anti-thrombin 3
prevents clot progression
how do we monitor heparin therapy?
aPTT test before, then 6 hours after loading dose and daily thereafter
how long to continue heparin?
5 days, initiating warfarin on day 1
how to reverse too much heparin
quit giving heparin, give whole blood, give protamine sulfate
NOTE-protamine sulfate is NOT good for warfarin overdose!
