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SBL Exam 1 Pharm > Anticholinergics > Flashcards

Anticholinergics Flashcards

1
Q

What is atropine?

Which receptors is it selective for?

What is its effect on the receptor?

Is it able to cross the BBB?

A

nonselective mAChR antagonist

*prototype antimuscarinic

tertiary amine/uncharged, able to cross BBB

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2
Q

What is benztropamine?

Which receptors is it selective for?

What is its effect on the receptor?

Is it able to cross the BBB?

A

M1 selective mAChR antagonist

tertiary amine/uncharged, able to cross BBB

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3
Q

What is trihexyphenidyl?

Which receptors is it selective for?

What is its effect on the receptor?

Is it able to cross the BBB?

A

M<strong>1</strong> selective mAChR antagonist

tertiary amine/uncharged, able to cross BBB

*antiparkinsonian

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4
Q

What is hyoscyamine?

Which receptors is it selective for?

What is its effect on the receptor?

Is it able to cross the BBB?

A

nonselective mAChR antagonist

tertiary amine/uncharged, able to cross BBB

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5
Q

What is dicyclomine?

Which receptors is it selective for?

What is its effect on the receptor?

Is it able to cross the BBB?

A

nonselective mAChR antagonist

tertiary amine/uncharged, able to cross BBB

*antispasmodic

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6
Q

What is scopolamine?

Which receptors is it selective for?

What is its effect on the receptor?

Is it able to cross the BBB?

A

nonselective mAChR antagonist

tertiary amine/uncharged, able to cross BBB

*motion sickness

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7
Q

What is ipratropium?

Which receptors is it selective for?

What is its effect on the receptor?

Is it able to cross the BBB?

A

nonselective mAChR antagonist

quaternary amine/charged, unable to cross BBB

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8
Q

What is tiotropium?

Which receptors is it selective for?

What is its effect on the receptor?

Is it able to cross the BBB?

A

nonselective mAChR antagonist

quaternary amine/charged, unable to cross BBB

*long half-life

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9
Q

What is glycopyrrolate?

Which receptors is it selective for?

What is its effect on the receptor?

Is it able to cross the BBB?

A

nonselective mAChR antagonist

quaternary amine/charged, unable to cross BBB

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10
Q

What is oxybutynin?

Which receptors is it selective for?

What is its effect on the receptor?

Is it able to cross the BBB?

A

partially selective M3 mAChR antagonist

quaternary amine/charged, unable to cross BBB

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11
Q

What is tolterodine?

Which receptors is it selective for?

What is its effect on the receptor?

Is it able to cross the BBB?

A

selective M3 mAChR antagonist

quaternary amine/charged, unable to cross BBB

*overactive bladder

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12
Q

What is darfenacin?

Which receptors is it selective for?

What is its effect on the receptor?

Is it able to cross the BBB?

A

selective M3 mAChR antagonist

quaternary amine/charged, unable to cross BBB

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13
Q

What is solifenacin?

Which receptors is it selective for?

What is its effect on the receptor?

Is it able to cross the BBB?

A

selective M3 mAChR antagonist

quaternary amine/charged, unable to cross BBB

*overactive bladder

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14
Q

What anticholinergics would be most effective in treating motion sickness?

A

-scopolamine

*tertiary, able to cross BBB

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15
Q

What anticholinergics would be most effective in treating diarrhea/GI hypermotility?

A

-atropine

Antispasmotics:

  • glycopyrrolate
  • dicyclomine
  • hyoscyamine
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16
Q

What anticholinergics would be most effective in treating Parkinsonian tremors?

A
  • benztropamine
  • trihexyphenidyl

*M1 selective, target CNS

17
Q

What anticholinergics would be most effective in treating asthma/COPD?

A
  • ipratropium
  • tiotropium (longer lasting)
18
Q

What anticholinergics would be most effective in treating bradycardia in an ACLS setting?

A

-atropine

19
Q

What anticholinergics would be most effective in treating urinary frequency/urgency?

A

-atropine

M3 specificity:

  • oxybutynin
  • darifenacin
  • solifenacin
  • tolteridine
20
Q

What anticholinergics would be most effective in treating cholinergic poisoning?

A

-atropine (w/ pralidoxime, AChE inhibitor regenerator)

21
Q

What are the side effects of mAChR antagonist toxicity?

A
  • dry as a bone (decreased secretions -> dry mucous membranes/skin)
  • blind as a bat (mydriasis/dilation and cycloplegia/loss of accomodation)
  • red as a beet
  • hot as a hare (loss of sweat glands)
  • full as a flask (urinary retention)
22
Q

What conditions are mAChR antagonists contraindicated in?

A
  • glaucoma
  • prostatic hyperplasia

SBL Exam 1 Pharm (9 decks)

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