Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm Exam II > Anticholinergic Agents > Flashcards

Anticholinergic Agents Flashcards

1
Q

What two groups exist as anticholinergics?

A 
1. Muscarinic antagonists
aka Parasympatholytic or antimuscarinic
Block effects of parasymp.
drugs-Atropine, scopolamine
2. Nicotninc antagonists
Ganglionic blocker (autonomic NS)
Neuromuscular blockers (NMJ)
drugs-tetraethylammonium, tubocurarine, succinylcholine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a class drug example of a muscarine antagonist?

A

Atropine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What effects do anticholinergics have on the CNS?

A

Atropine has minimal effect, scolpalamine is it’s cousin and is used to tx motion sickness, and Parkinson’s (Benztropine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What effect can toxicity of Scopalamine have on the CNS?

A

excitation, hallucinations, agitation, coma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the effect of anticholinergics on the eye?

A

mydriasis, loss of accommodation (cycloplegia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What effect do anticholinergics have on the CV system?

A 
Low dose (0.5-5mg)-blocks M1 and M2 receptors therefore taking away the breaks on M2 and results in Increased BP (because M3 still exists)
High Dose (>10mg) total conduction block-death
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What effect do anticholinergics have on the resp. system

A

Bronchodilation, decreased mucus production-tx. for COPD and Asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What effect do anticholinergics have on the GI system

A

Decreased motility, decreased peristalsis, tx. for diarrhea (lomotil)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What effect do anticholinergics have on the GU system

A

Decrease ability to void-tx for spasms and inflammatory disorders. Contraindicated for pt’s with BPH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What effect do anticholinergics have on the secretory glands?

A

not always effective because eccrine glands are more sensitive than apocrine glands-but can be used to tx hyperhydrosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name the types of receptors that bind acetylcholine

A

Muscarinic and nicotinic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where are cholinergic receptors found in the auto. NS

A

Postgang parasymp. and ganglionic level in para and sympathetic sides of autonomic NS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What type of neurons release norepinephrine

A

Adrenergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A muscarinic agonist causes what effect on the eye?

A

Constriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A muscarinic agonist causes what effect on res.

A

bronchoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A msucarinic agonist causes what effect on the CV

A

Decreases HR

17
Q

A muscarinic agonist causes what effect on GU

A

stimulates voiding

18
Q

A muscarinic agonist causes what effect on GI

A

increases motility

19
Q

What effect would muscarinic agonist have on the sympathetic portion of the autonomic nervous system?

A

no effect!

20
Q

What is the name of the enzyme that metabolized acetylcholine?

A

AChE

21
Q

Why do organophosphates inhibit acetylcholinesterase for so long

A

Covalent bond

22
Q

What effect does nicotine have on toxic concentrations in humans

A

Death, seizures, coma, resp. arrest

23
Q 
What effect do anticholinergics have on the 
Eye
Resp 
GI 
GU
CV
A 
Eye - Belladonna
Resp - Bronchodilation
GI - Decreased motility
GU - Decreased void
CV-Low-decreases HR (M1 blocks), Med-increases (M2 and M1 blocks) High-blocks everything
24
Q

Therapeutic uses of anticholinergics

A

Tx:

Diarrhea, Urinary spasms, asthma, COPD

25
Q

What types of pts might anticholinergics be contraindicated

A

Glaucoma, BPH

26
Q

Mech action of ganglionic blocking agent

A

Binds to Nicotinic receptors on para and symp. side of ANS

27
Q

What is difference between non-depol and depol. muscular blocker

A

non-depol: Strictly antagonist

Depol: super agonist-stimulates and causes too much action takes away the brakes

28
Q 
Classify as non-depol and deploy
Tubercurarine
Atracurium
Succinylcholine
rocuronium
coxycurrium
veucronium
A

All are non-depolarizing except succinlycholine

29
Q

When would someone use a neuromuscular blocking agent

A

surgery, ICU, mechanical ventillation

Pharm Exam II (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions