Antibiotics_MSKL

Question 1

What are the first generation penicillin molecules?

Answer 1

Penicillin G (benzylpenicillin) and Penicillin V (phenoxymethylpenicillin)

Question 2

What natural penicillin is available PO?

Answer 2

Penicillin V
Penicillin G is only available IV/IM b/c it is destroyed by stomach acid

Question 3

What is the spectrum of activity of the natural penicillins?

Answer 3

Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus penumoniae, Enterococcal infections, Treponema pallidum (syphillus)

Question 4

What organism causes syphilis?

Answer 4

Treponema palliidum

Question 5

Penicillin G (Class/Brand)

Answer 5

Natural PCNs
Pfizerpen

Question 6

Penicillin G benzathine (Class/Brand)

Answer 6

Natural PCNs
Bicillin L-A, Permapen

Question 7

Penicillin V potassium (Class/Brand)

Answer 7

Natural PCNs
Penicillin VK

Question 8

What is another name for the 2nd generation penicillins?

Answer 8

Penicillinase-Resistance penicillins or Anti-staphylococcal penicillins

Question 9

What allows the 2nd generation penicillins to avoid hydrolysis?

Answer 9

The isoxazolyl side chain

Question 10

What is the spectrum of activity of the 2nd generation penicillins?

Answer 10

Penicillinase-producing methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus
Some Streptococcus pneumoniae
Group A streptococcal infections
Methicillin-sensitive coagulase-negative staphylococcal infections

Question 11

Dicloxacillin (Class/Brand)

Answer 11

Antistaphylococcal (2nd)
Dycil, Dynapen

Question 12

Nafcillin (Class/Brand)

Answer 12

Antistaphylococcal (2nd) PCNs
Unipen, Nallpen

Question 13

Cloxacillin (Class/Brand)

Answer 13

Antistaphylococcal (2nd) PCNs
Cloxapen

Question 14

Flucloxacillin (Class/Brand)

Answer 14

Antistaphylococcal (2nd) PCNs
Floxapen

Question 15

Oxacillin (Class/Brand)

Answer 15

Antistaphylococcal (2nd) PCNs
Bactocill

Question 16

Aminopenicillins (3rd Gen) were developed to….

Answer 16

provide further coverage against gram-negative bacteria by adding an amino group to the side chain of the basic penicillin compound.

Question 17

What is the Spectrum of Activity of the aminopenicillins?

Answer 17

Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae)
Escherichia coli (E.coli)
Enterococci infections
Meningococci (meningitis)
Listeria (meningitis)
Some Typhoid Fever and Typhoid carriers

Question 18

Amoxicillin (Class/Brand)

Answer 18

Aminopenicillins (3rd Gen)
Amoxil

Question 19

Ampicillin (Class/Brand)

Answer 19

Aminopenicillins (3rd Gen)
Principen

Question 20

Carboxypenicillins have a ______group substituted for the _____ group to provide an even greater gram-negative spectrum of activity, including against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Answer 20

carboxyl
amino

Question 21

What is the spectrum of activity for the carboxypenicillins (4th Gen)?

Answer 21

Enterobacter species
Providencia species
Morganella species
indole-positive Proteus species
Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 22

Carbenicillin (Class/Brand)

Answer 22

Carboxypenicillins (4th generation)
Pyopen

Question 23

Ticarcillin

Answer 23

Carboxypenicillins (4th generation)
Ticar

Question 24

Antipseudomonal Penicillin (4th) are also referred…

Answer 24

Ureidopenicillins

Question 25

Coverage of antipseudomonal PCNs?

Answer 25

Enterobacter species
Providencia species
Morganella species
indole-positive Proteus species
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Klebsiella
Serratia
Enterobacter
Enterococcus
Increased anaerobic coverage

Question 26

Pipercillin (Class/Brand)

Answer 26

Antipseudomonal (4th Gen) PCNs
Pipracil
Zosyn (with tazobactam)

Question 27

Group A Strep example

Answer 27

Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 28

Group B Strep example

Answer 28

Streptococcus agalacitiae