Antibiotics (Pediatrics)

Question 1

Scarlet fever treatment (GABHS)

Answer 1

Amoxicillin (oral penicillin tastes nasty)

Question 2

beta-lactam antibiotic classes

Answer 2

penicillin derivatives (penams), cephalosporins (cephems), monobactams, and carbapenems

Question 3

Sulbactam

Answer 3

beta-lactamaze inhibitor

Question 4

Tazobactam

Answer 4

beta-lactamaze inhibitor

Question 5

Strep throat (GABHS)

Answer 5

Amoxicillin (or oral penicillin, but it tastes nasty)

Question 6

Treatment of Strep pneumo or Hib bacterial sinositis or OM

Answer 6

Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid

Question 7

Strep treatment if allergic to penicillins

Answer 7

Azithromycin (macrolide antibiotics) or Cephalosporin

Question 8

Treating neonatal GBS

Answer 8

ceftriaxone

Question 9

Treating neonatal Listeria meningitis

Answer 9

Ampicillin

Question 10

Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole

Answer 10

UTI prophylaxis. Covers h flu, e. Coli, klebsiella

Question 11

Neonatal neutropenia prophylaxis

Answer 11

Gentamycin (aminoglycoside antibiotic)

Question 12

Treatment of peds UTIs

Answer 12

Ampicillin and Gentamycin

Question 13

What provides coverage for hospital-associated infections, including coagulase-negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus species?

Answer 13

Vancomycin (NOT amp!)

Question 14

Skin strep or staph infection treatment?

Answer 14

Ceftriaxone and clindamycin

Question 15

Treating acute bacterial sinusitis

Answer 15

Amoxicillin for 10 days

Question 16

Treatment of bacterial otitis media?

Answer 16

Amoxicillin for 10 days

Question 17

Lyme disease treatment

Answer 17

amoxicillin

Lyme meningitis - ceftriaxone

Question 18

Macrolide abx

Answer 18

azitrhro, clarithro

Question 19

Treatment of pertussis

Answer 19

macrolides: 14 day erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin

Question 20

Newborn E. coli infection treatment

Answer 20

Erythromycin

Question 21

Common drug reactions

Answer 21

Amoxicillin, Sulfa drugs, antiepileptics

Question 22

Dual treatment of GC and CT.

Answer 22

Doxycycline and azithromycin

Question 23

Amoxicillin doesn’t cover what common bug?

Answer 23

Staph!

Question 24

Organisms (3) and tx of most common meningitis

Answer 24

Pneumococcus, N meningitis, H flu

Treat with vancomycin and ceftriaxone.

Question 25

Empiric Treatment of UTI

Answer 25

PO trim-sulfa!!!! or nitrofurantoin | Cephalexin, amox-clavulanic acid

Question 26

Does vancomycin cover any gram negatives?

Answer 26

No! None! ONLY gram positives.

Question 27

Aminoglycosides (Gentamycin, clindamycin, etc) covers gram __?__ bacteria.

Answer 27

All! Including anaerobes.

Question 28

Empiric therapy for bacterial meningitis

Answer 28

Vancomycin/cefotaxime

Question 29

Septic arthritis treatment

Answer 29

Start vanc or clinda

Question 30

Empiric therapy for bacterial pneumonia

Answer 30

high dose amoxicillin

Question 31

How to treat MRSA

Answer 31

TMP/SMX, clinda

Question 32

Effective against Pseudomonas

Answer 32

IV ceftazidime + gentammycin

Question 33

When is anaerobic coverage warranted? What antibiotics work?

Answer 33

In a variety of infectious processes, like aspiration pneumonia, intra-abdominal infection, gynecologic infection, and diabetic foot ulcer infection. Use amp/sulbactam, pip/tazo, clindamycin, metronidazole.