Antibiotics Exam 2

Question 1

Aminoglycosides Examples

Answer 1

Tobramycin, Gentamicin, Amikacin, Streptomycin, Neomycin (TOBI GETS AMY SKINNYDIPPING AT NIGHT)

Question 2

Aminoglycosides Spectrum

Answer 2

aerobic Gram (-) 
reserve for serious infections b/c of toxicity

Question 3

Tetracyclines Examples

Answer 3

Tetracycline, Minocycline, Doxycycline

Question 4

Tetracyclines Spectrum

Answer 4

Gram (+), Gram (-), anaerobes, Atypicals (MMRC), spirochetes, Vibrio cholerae (cholera), Bacillus anthracis (anthrax)
Doxy= CA-MRSA

Question 5

Glycylcyclines Examples

Answer 5

Tigecycline

Question 6

Tigecycline Spectrum

Answer 6

Gram (+), Gram (-), MSSA, HA MRSA, SEVERE cases of CA-MRSA, Enterococcus faecalis, K. pneumoniae, atypicals, REFRACTORY C. diff

Question 7

Macrolides Examples

Answer 7

Erythomycin, Clarithromycin, Azithromycin

Question 8

Macrolides Spectrum

Answer 8

E: Gram (+), Gram (-), Neisseria, Bordatella, atypicals, Strep pneumo
C: >staph/strep, >atypicals, H. influenzae
A: Gram (-), >H. influenzae, Moraxella cararrhalis

Question 9

Ketolide Example

Answer 9

Telithromycin

Question 10

Telithromycin Spectrum

Answer 10

Gram (+) Staph/Strep, Gram (-) respiratory pathogens, > activity against atypicals vs macrolides, CAP

Question 11

Lincosamide Example

Answer 11

Clindamycin

Question 12

Clindamycin Spectrum

Answer 12

"preferred" agent for anaerobes
SERIOUS Gram (+), CA-MRSA, Parasitic protazoal infection, acne

Question 13

Streptogramins Examples

Answer 13

Quinupristin (Streptogramin B) and Dalfopristin (Streptogramin A) –> combined as Synercid

Question 14

Streptogramins Spectrum

Answer 14

PRSP, HA-MRSA, VRE, some aytpicals (MLC)

Question 15

Chloramphenicol Spectrum

Answer 15

Gram (+), Gram (-), anaerobes, atypicals

Question 16

Oxazolidinone Example

Answer 16

Linezolid

Question 17

Linezolid Spectrum

Answer 17

Gram (+), HA-MRSA, PRSP, VRE, Enterococci

*Can be used on C. diff but only as a last ditch effort

Question 18

FQ’s Examples

Answer 18

Cipro/Levo/Moxifloxacin, Norfloxacin, Ofloxacin

Question 19

FQ Spectrum

Answer 19

Gram (-), atypicals, Staph (not MRSA)
Cipro: >Gram (-) but <Gram (+)
Anaerobes: Moxi
Pseudomonas: Cipro, Levo, Oflox
Strep pneumo: Levo, Moxi, Gemi

Question 20

Nitrofurantoin Spectrum

Answer 20

Staph saprophyticus, E.coli, susceptible Strep (most are resistant), moderate on enterococci

Question 21

Metronidazole Spectrum

Answer 21

FIRST LINE FOR C DIFF

Anaerobes, parasites, Bacteroides, Helicobacter, Camphylobacter

Question 22

Rifamycins Spectrum

Answer 22

Staph, Neisseria, H. influenza, REFRACTORY C. diff., atypical (Mycobac tuberculosis and Legionella)

Question 23

Rifamycin that can avoid P450 induction

Answer 23

Rifabutin

Question 24

Rifamycin that has long half life

Answer 24

Rifapentine

Question 25

Rifamycin that are oral and used for gut cleansing

Answer 25

Rifaximin

Question 26

Sulfonamide Examples

Answer 26

sulfamethoxazole, sulfisoxazole, sulfadiazine, dapsone (for leprosy)

Question 27

Sulfonamide Spectrum

Answer 27

Gram (+), Gram (-) (E.coli, Salmonella, Shigella)

Question 28

Special sulfonamide agents and their uses

Answer 28

• Silver sulfadiazine= burns
• Sulfacetamide= opthalamic infections
• Dapsone= leprosy
• Sulfasalazine= cleanse GI tract

Question 29

TMP/SMZ Spectrum/ Indications

Answer 29

UTI’s, Otitis media, Strep pneumo, H. influenzae, GI infections, CA-MRSA

Question 30

Fidaxomycin Spectrum

Answer 30

Gram (+) aerobes and anaerobes (C. diff)

Question 31

Daptomycin spectrum

Answer 31

GRAM POSITIVE; HA-MRSA, VRSA, VRE

Question 32

Polymixins Spectrum

Answer 32

GRAM NEGATIVE

Polymixin B and Colistin co-adminstered as salvage regimen for pseudomonas

Question 33

Polymixins Examples

Answer 33

Polymixin B, Colistin (Polymixin E)

Question 34

Glycopeptides Examples

Answer 34

Vancomycin, Telavancin

Question 35

Glycopeptides Spectrum

Answer 35

HA/CA-MRSA, PRSP, Enterococcus faecalis
Vanc: C.diff
Tela: complicated Gram (+) SSSI