Antibiotics by class Flashcards
reduce peptidoglycan synthesis?
Vancomycin
Bacitracin (topical)
Fosfomycin
What kind of antibiotic reduces cross linking?
Beta-lactams
What is Penicillin G and V
G is used intravenously
V is acid stabilized for oral use
Antistaphylococcal penicillins?
Oxacillin
Nafcillin
Difloxacillin
Amino penicillins?
Amoxicillin
Ampicillin
Antipseudomonal penicillin?
Piperacillin
Beta-Lactamase inhibitors?
Clavulanate
Sulbactam
Tazobactam
Avibactam
What is amoxicillin + clavulanate?
Augmentin
What is ampicillin + sulbactim?
Unisyn
What is piperacillin + tazobactrim?
Zosyn
1st gen cephalosporins?
Cefazolin (ancef)
cephalexin
2nd gen cephalosporins?
cefaclor
cefoxitin
cefotetan
3rd gen cephalosporins?
ceftriaxone
cefotaxime
ceftazadime
4th gen cephalosporins?
cefapime
5th gen cephalosporins?
ceftaroline ($)
what are the carbapenems?
(DIME)
Doripenem
Imipenem
Meropenem
Ertapenem
Whats the monobactam?
aztreonam (for penicillin allergy)
Which abx disrupts the cell membrane?
Daptomycin or Cubicin (makes efflux pumps)
Polymyxins (nuke) so used topically
Folic acid inhibitors?
(sulfonamides) sulfamethoxazole (1st step)
trimethoprim (2nd step)
what is sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim?
Bactrim
What abx disrupts DNA integrity and how?
metronidazole
makes ROS’s
What targets mRNA polymerase?
Rifampin (never alone for TB)
What targets DNA gyrase and is found in phagocytic cells?
Fluoroquinolones
1st gen fluoroquinolones?
Ciprofloxacin
Levofloxacin
norfloxacin
gatifloxacin
what is the quinolone and what does it target?
Nalidixic acid
targets DNA gyrase like the other fluoroquinolones
What targets the 50s subunit?
- Macrolides (ACE)
Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Erythromycin - Lincosamides (Clindamycin)
- Streptogramins
(Quinopristin+Dalfopristin=Synercid) - Chloramphenicol (eye drops)
- Oxazolidinones (linezolid) or zyvox
What targets the 30s subunit?
tetracyclines
doxycycline, tetracycline, minocycline
glycylcycline (overcomes efflux pump resistance)
tigecycline
-Aminoglycosides (GNATS)
Streptomycin, Kanamycin, Neomycin, Amikacin, Gentamicin, Tobramycin