Antibiotics - B-lactams Flashcards

1
Q

Which penicillin is more stable in stomach

A

Penicillin V

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2
Q

What catalyzes pen degradation

A

heavy metals

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3
Q

Best pH to store pens

A

6-8

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4
Q

Majority of pen excretion and breakdown

A

renal 90% secreted 10% filtered

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5
Q

How to prolong pen concentration in body

A

Give probenecid (cation) to compete for excretion

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6
Q

Benzylpenicillin (penG) Txs what

A

Gram +

N. gonorrhoeae and H. inf

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7
Q

PenG B-lac sensitive?

A

yes

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8
Q

Methicillin advantage

A

steric hinderance via 2x methoxy substituents on ortho position. protects from B-lac

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9
Q

Methicillin B-lac sensitive?

A

no

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10
Q

Methicillin acid stable? Compared to other pens

A

No. its worse - t1/2 is 5min in stomach

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11
Q

Methicillin admin route

A

IV

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12
Q

Methicillin spectrum

A

narrow - mainly S. aureas

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13
Q

Methicillin induce B-lac?

A

yes

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14
Q

MRSA gets resistance how

A

mecA gene (mutation in pen binding protein)

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15
Q

Cephapirin ring description

A

6 member instead of 5 member

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16
Q

Ceph inactivation occurs via

A

host esterase - hydrolyze the acetate

17
Q

Imipenem structure difference

A

methylene group replaces sulfur in thiazolide ring - greater ring strain

18
Q

Imipenem does what to B-lacs

A

inactivates them

19
Q

Imipenem degradation occurs via

A

renal dehydropeptidase - 1

20
Q

Prolong Imipenem in body how

A

give cilastatian to inhibit renal dehydropeptidase - 1

21
Q

Imipenem spectrum includes

A

G+ and G-; very broad spec; magic bullet

22
Q

Imipenem and B-lac

A

induces it

23
Q

Imipenem main uses

A

serious infection of gut, GU, bone, skin, and endocardium

24
Q

Aztreonam spectrum

A

total G- NO G+

25
Q

Aztreonam allergenicity

A

can give to those with pen allergy (except ceftazidime which has identical side chain)