ANTIBIOTICS & ANTIFUNGALS Flashcards
1
Q
Doxycycline
Indications: TETRACYCLINES
A
- Acne vulgaris, inflamed papules, pustules, cysts
- Lower respiratory infections, including inefective exacerbation of COPD and pneumonia
- Chlamydia infection/PID
- Typhoid, malaria, and Lyme disease
- Severe skin, soft tissue, abdominal infections
2
Q
SPECTRUM ACTIVITY: TETRACYCLINES
A
- Broad spectrum
- Gram -/+ organisms
- Resistance is common
3
Q
MOA: TETRACYCLINES
A
- Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis
- Bacteriostatic = stops bacterial growth
4
Q
SIDE EFFECTS: TETRACYCLINES
A
- GI upset
- Hypersensitivity reactions
- Oesophageal ulceration/dysphagia
- Photosensitvity (sunburn reaction)
5
Q
CAUTIONS: TETRACYCLINES
A
- Bind to teeth and bones during childhood development
- Avoid in Pregnancy
- Avoid in breastfeeding mothers
- Avoid 12yrs and under
- Caution with renal impairment (can raise serum urea and reduced drug excretion increase risk of adverse effects.)
6
Q
INTERACTIONS: TETRACYCLINES
A
- Should not be given within 2 hours of calcium, iron, antacid intake as it will prevent absorption of antibiotic.
7
Q
Indications: Metranidazole
A
- An antibiotic for infections from oropharyngeal gram-negative anaerobes.
- Eradication of H.Pylori
- Intraabdominal infection and PID
- Protozoal infections including vaginal infections
- Clostridioides difficle colitis
8
Q
Spectrum of activity: Metronidazole
A
Anaerobic bacteria and protozoa
9
Q
MOA: Metronidazole
A
- In anaerobic bacteria, metronidazole generates a nitroso free radical.
- Binds to DNA – inhibiting protein synthesis causing DNA degragation and cell death.
- Bactericidal
10
Q
Side effects: Metronidazole
A
- GI upset
- Hypersensitivity
- Overexposure neurological effects like peripheral neuropathy, seizures, encephalopathy
11
Q
Cautions: Metronidazole
A
- Avoid alcohol
- Liver disease - reduced dose
12
Q
Interactions: Metronidazole
A
- Reduces Warfarin metabolism, increased bleeding risk
