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Infection > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

chlamydia

A

doxycycline or azithromycin

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2
Q

candidiasis

A

fluconazole, amphotericin

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3
Q

bacterial vaginosis

A

metronidazole (pregnancy safe) or clindamycin

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4
Q

trichomoniasis

A

metronidazole

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5
Q

gonorrhoea

A

ceftriaxone + azithromycin

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6
Q

cystitis (lower UTI)

A

oral nitrofurantoin or trimethoprim

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7
Q

pyelonephritis (upper UTI)

A

IV cephalosporin/quinolone/gentamicin

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8
Q

salmonella typhi

A

ciprofloxacin if outside indian subcontinent, otherwise ceftriaxone

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9
Q

meningococcal

A

IM or IV benzylpenicillin, household/close contacts rifampicin

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10
Q

impetigo

A

localised: fusidic acid 2% cream or mupiricin 2% cream
widespread: flucloxacillin or erythromycin

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11
Q

erysipelas

A

benzylpenicillin + flucloxacillin

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12
Q

cellulitis

A

benzylpenicillin + flucloxacillin

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13
Q

enteric fever

A

azithromycin +/- ceftriaxone

dexamethasone if CNS involvement

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14
Q

dermatopytosis

A

superficial mycoses: topical azole antifungal or terbinofine + topical nystaxin + amphotericin
tinea capitis: grisecfulrin, terbinafine, itraconazole
nail infection: systemic, terbinafine, itraconazole

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15
Q

cryptococcus neoformans

A

amphotericin + flucytosine, fluconazole

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16
Q

histoplasmosis

A

amphotericin, itraconazole

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17
Q

cholera

A

doxycycline or tetracycline

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18
Q

shigella

A

ciprofloxacillin, azithromycin

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19
Q

campylobacter

A

macrolide, doxycycline, quinolone

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20
Q

giardiasis

A

metronidazole, tinidazole, albenazole

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21
Q

cryptosporidium

A

nitazoxamide

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22
Q

amoebiasis

A

metronidazole/tinidazole, diloxanide furoate for gut cysts

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23
Q

nematodes

A

mebendazole (roundworm, hookworm, whipworm)
albendazole (ascariasis, hookworm, strongyloides)
ivermectin (strongyloides, ascariasis)
pyrantel pamoate (threadworm, roundworm, hookworm)
piperazine (ascariasis, pregnancy)

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24
Q

taemiasis (tapeworms)

A

praziquantel, niclosamide

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25
Q

listeria infection

A

ampicillin + gentamicin

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26
Q

clostridium perfringens

A

protein synthesis inhibitors

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27
Q

diptheria

A

benzylpenicillin/erythromycin

28
Q

resistant staph aureus

A

vancomycin (MRSA), teicoplanin

oral agents: clindamycin, co trimoxazole, doxycycline, linezolid

29
Q

strep agalactiene

A

penicillin, macrolide, cephalosporin, chloramphenicol

30
Q

neisseria

A

benzylpenicillin/ceftriaxone

31
Q

moraxella catarrhalis

A

macrolide, cephalosporin

32
Q

haemophilus influenzae

A

amoxicillin, macrolide, cephalosporin, chloramphenicol, rifampicin

33
Q

clostridium difficile

A

moderate-mild: metronidazole
severe: vancomycin or fidaxomicin
non responders: high dose vancomycin + IV metronidazole fidaxomicin, IVg
recurrence: vancomycin, fidaxomicin, faecal transplanr

34
Q

hepatitis B

A

entecavir + tenofovir

35
Q

hepatitis C

A

gamma PEGylated alpha interferon + ribavirin

36
Q

HSV (herpes)

37
Q

VZV

A

aciclovir (safe in pregnancy)/valaciclovir

38
Q

CMV

A

ganciclovir, valganciclovir

foscarnet, cidofovir

39
Q

HIV

A

PEP: truvada + vategravir, short term CART
ART: NRTI backbone (tenofovir, truvada + kinexa), protease inhibitors (azamativir, darunavir), NNRTI (nipivirine, efavirenz)

40
Q

pneumocystis jirovecii

A

IV co trimoxazole, 2nd line clindamycin, pentamidine, atoragrene

41
Q

influenza

A

oseltamivir, zanamivir

42
Q

invasive pulmonary aspergillosis

A

antifungals, amphotericin B, VFend

43
Q

malaria

A

uncomplicated: ACT, dihydro ortemistrin - piperaquine
severe: artesumate, quinine
prophylaxis: chloroquine +/- proguanil
chloroquine resistance: mefloquine or doxycycline or atovaquone - proguanil combo

44
Q

bacterial meningitis

A

benzylpenicillin or ceftriaxone

45
Q

meningococcal meningitis

A

IV penicillin @ GP, high dose ceftriaxone prior to LP

discharge w/ rifampicin or ciprofloxacin

46
Q

pneumococcal meningitis

A

high dose ceftriaxone

47
Q

haemophilus influenzae meningitis

A

ceftriaxone

prophylaxis w/ rifampicin for close contacts

48
Q

listeria monocytogenes meningitis

A

IV ampicillin

49
Q

neonatal meningitis

A

group B strep: benzylpenicillin + amoxicillin
E coli: cefotaxime
listeria monocytogenes: ampicillin + gentamicin

50
Q

viral meningitis

A

IVg + aciclovir IV for HSV

51
Q

necrotising fasciitis

A

flucloxacillin: staph aureus + other gram +ves
gentamicin: gram +ve + some gram -ves
clindamycin: anaerobic + gram +ve

52
Q

botulism

A

antitoxin, benzylpenicillin, metronidazole

53
Q

tetanus

A

metronidazole

spasm: diazepam/lorazepam/midazolam, IV magnesium sulfate, baclofen

54
Q

schistosomiasis

A

2x doses praziquantel

55
Q

echinococcosis

A

triclabendazole

56
Q

pertussis

A

macrolide e.g. clarithromycin

57
Q

scabies

A

permethrin 5% dermal cream
malathion (2nd line)
oral ivermectin (severe)

58
Q

leprosy

A

multibacillary: rifampicin, dapsone, clofazimine
paucibacillary: rifampicin, dapsone

59
Q

TB

A 
rifampicin 2 months intensive, 4 months continuous
isoniazid (same as above)
pyrazinamide 2 months intensive
ethambutol (same as above)
latent: 3 months I + R or 6 months I
60
Q

lyme disease

A

ceftriaxone, IV benzylpenicillin or doxycycline

61
Q

rickettsial disease

A

doxycycline, azithromycin, chloramphenicol

62
Q

leishmaniasis

A

amphotericin

63
Q

anthrax

A

quinolone/doxycycline, ciprofloxacin + clindamycin or linezolid

64
Q

brucellosis

A

doxycycline + rifampicin or gentamicin

+ co trimoxazole for CNS disease

65
Q

Q fever

A

doxycycline

66
Q

leptospirosis (weil’s disease)

A

doxycycline if mild, IV penicillin if severe

67
Q

toxoplasmosis

A

pyrimethamine + sulfaclinazine + folic acid

Infection (4 decks)

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