Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

micro > antibiotics > Flashcards

antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

סטרפטומיצין:
טווח פעולה?
נטילה אוראלית?
האם יעיל כנגד חיידקים תוך תאיים?

A

טווח פעולה רחב
לא ניתן ליטול אוראלית
לא יעיל כנגד חיידקים תוך תאיים
עובד טוב עם בטא לקטאם ופוגע בפרוף רידינג

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

טטרהציקלין:
מנגנון?
טווח פעולה?

A

נקשר ליחידה 30 אס ומונע מהטי רנ”א להקשר לאתר איי.
בקטריוסטטית
טווח פעולה רחב

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

כלורמפרינול:
מנגנון?
טווח פעולה?
טוקסי?

A

מונע את הווצרות הקשר הפפטידי ביחידה 70 אס.
מחסלת גראם חיוביים ובקטריוסטטית לגראם שליליים.
טוקסי מאוד

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

פוסידין (fusidic acid):
אופן שימוש?
מנגנון?
יעילות?

A

משמשת כמשחה/טיפות עיניים. יכולה לשמש באופן סיסטמי.
binds to EF-G-GDP and prevent its release from the ribosome. the ribosome is “stuck” and cannot be recycled. (interfere both translocation and recycling)
יעילה כנגד גראם חיוביים יותר.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Macrolides
מנגנון?
דוגמאות?
האם ניתן ליטול אוראלית?

A

binds to 50S subunit and block the NPET (exit tunnel for the polypeptide).
Erythromycin
Telithromycin (50 times greater affinity for binding)
עמידה לחומציות, ניתן ליטול אוראלית

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Vancomycin:
mechanism?
toxic?
use?

A

“masking” the D-ala-D-ala preventing the PBP binding.

very toxic, used for MRSA treatment and life-threatening situations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Fosfomycin:
mechanism?
used against?

A

inhibits the enzyme which catalyzes the rx.: NAG–> NAM
interfere with cell wall synthesis.
more effective against gram NEGATIVE (maybe because of the thick wall of the positive?)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q 
D-cycloserine:
mechanism?
toxicity?
activity?
used against?
A

inhibits D-ala synthase.
high toxicity
low activity
used against mycobacterium Tuberculosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Quinolones:
mechanism?
used for?
examples?

A
  • block and inhibits DNA Gyrase thus interfere with the DNA Replication process.
  • widely used; especially against highly dividing bacteria.
  • fluoroquinolone the most abundant
  • nalidixic acid the first to be synthesized by human
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q 
Nitroimidazoles:
mechanism?
used against?
toxicity?
examples?
A
  • Thought to create DSB by free radicals. (DNA replication interference)
  • Used against obligatory anaerobic, high toxicity.
  • Metronidazole, the most abundant. cross the membrane by simple diffusion.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Valinomycine:
mechanism?
specificity?

A
  • creates holes in the plasma membrane.

- not specific.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

AMPs are:

A

natural antibiotics synthesized by the body and present in secretions e.g sweat, mucus, tears etc.
rich in Lys and Arg residues which makes it more specific to the negatively charged bacterial membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Daptomycin
mechanism?
specificity?
will you give this antibiotic to a patient who suffers from pneumonia?

A
  • Creates holes in the plasma membrane causing its depolarization which eventually leads to inhibition of protein synthesis and cell death.
  • specific against the bacterial membrane, used against gram-positive.
  • although pneumonia is gram-positive, daptomycin is inactivated when binds to surfactant in the alveoli.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Polymixin B:
mechanism?
specificity?

A
  • same mechanism; creates holes in the membrane, water comes in.
  • specific against gram-negative (binds LPS) although gram-negative show resistance against it.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sulfonamide:
mechanism?
against?

A
  • PABA analog, inhibits the first enzyme of THF synthesis.
  • Bacteriostatic
  • widely used - G+ & G-
  • בעל נטייה להתרכז בשתן ולכן ינתן כנגד דלקות בדרכי שתן
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Trimethoprim:
mechanism?
side effect?

A
  • inhibits THF reductase, the third enzyme in the process.
  • high affinity to the prokaryotic enzyme.
  • low blood count
  • salmonella, shigella,
17
Q

מה הם תפקידי המיקרוביום?

A
  • סיוע בפירוק מזון
  • יצירת וויטמינים
  • colonization resistance
18
Q

מה מזהה TLR5?

A

-Flagellin

19
Q

TLR 6, 2, 1, recognize?

A
  • Lipopeptides present in gram-positive bacteria.
20
Q

TLR9-

A

Recognizes as PAMP un-methylated CpG islands in the bacterial DNA which are normally methylated in human cells.

21
Q

Entry Site?

A

מאיפה הגיע החיידק. לא בהכרח יגרום למחלה במקום ממנו חדר.

22
Q

Infectivity is

A

-The efficiency of the bacteria. the lower infectivity the higher efficiency.

micro (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions