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Pharmcology > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Pencillin G

A

IV route

pharyngitis, syphillis, neisseria, C. Perfringens,
Corynebacterium diphtheria

Gram-positive cocci, gram positive rods

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2
Q

Pencillin V

A

PO

Minor infections

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3
Q

Methicillin

A

Bind to PBP

Inhibit cell wall synthesis

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4
Q

Nafcillin

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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5
Q

Oxacillin

A

Beta-lactamase stable

Anti-staph

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6
Q

Dicloxacillin

A

PO

Follow-up to beta-lactamase stable penicillin ex. Oxacillin

Staphylococcus aureus

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7
Q

Amoxicillin

A 
Otitis
Acute sinusitis 
Haemophilius influenza
E. Coli 
Proteus 
Salmonella 
Shigella
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8
Q

Ampicillin

A

Enterococcus

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9
Q

Ampicillin/sulbactam

A

Unasyn
IV

CAP, intra-abdominal infections, S/SI, DM foot, cat/human/dog bites

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10
Q

Amoxicillin/clavulanate

A

Augmentin
PO

2nd line for otitis
Cellulitis
DFI

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11
Q

Piperacillin/tazobactam

A

Zosyn

Pseudomonal activity 
Nosocomial infections 
Serious intra-abdominal infections 
P. Aeurginosa 
K. Pneumoniae
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12
Q

Ticarcillin/calvulanate

A

Treats P. Aeruginosa

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13
Q

Pencillin Group

A

Binds to pencillin binding protein

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Beta-lactams

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14
Q

Sulbactam

A

Beta-lactamase inhibitor

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15
Q

Tazabactam

A

Beta-lactamase inhibitor

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16
Q

Pencillin Adverse Reactions

A

Rashes/allergic reaction

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17
Q

Cephalosporins

A

Bind to pencillin protein

Inhibit cell wall synthesis

Broader activity than penicillin

Beta-Lactams

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18
Q

Cephalosporin Adverse reactions

A

Rashes
Allergic reactions
Rare: hemolytic anemia

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19
Q

Cefazolin

A

“Ancef” “Kefzol”

IV

Surgical prophylaxis
S/SI 
Staphylococci
Streptococci 
MRSA 
1st generation
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20
Q

Cephalexin

A

“Keflex”

PO

Skin/soft tissue infection 
CAP 
Early DFI
Staphylococci 
Streptococci 
MRSA 
1st generation
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21
Q

Cefaclor

A

2nd generation

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22
Q

Cefporzil

A

“Cefzil”

PO

2nd generation
2nd line for otitis
CAP
S/SI

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23
Q

Cefotetan

A

“Cefotetan”

2nd generation 
Intra-abdominal surgery 
Prophylaxis 
anaerobes Gram positive
Anaerobes Gram negative
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24
Q

Cefuroxime

A

Haemophilus Influenza

2nd generation

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25
Q

Cefoxitin

A

2nd generation

Bacteroides fragilis

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26
Q

Cefadroxil

A

1st generation

27
Q

Ceftriaxone

A

“Rocephin”

IV/IM

CAP 
S/SI 
Meningitis
E. Coli 
Klebsiella 
Proteus 
Neisseria gonorrhoeae 
3rd generation
28
Q

Cefdinir

A

3rd generation

29
Q

Cefotaxime

A

“Claforan”

IV 
CAP 
S/SI 
Meningitis 
3rd generation
30
Q

Ceftazidime

A

“Fortaz”

IV

Nosocomial pneumonia
Anti-pseudomonal activity 
Pseudomonas aeruginosa 
Gram-negative rods 
3rd generation
31
Q

Cefixime

A

3rd generation

32
Q

Cefepime

A

Enteric gram-negative rods that produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases

Staphylococcus aureus (not MRSA)

Penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae

4th generation

33
Q

Ceftaroline

A

Gram positive cocci and gram negative rods that cause bacterial pneumonia and skin infections (including MRSA)

5th generation

34
Q

Carbapenems

A

Binds to penicillin binding protein

Inhibit cell wall synthesis

Beta-lactams

Beta-lactamase stable

Generally broader activity

35
Q

Meropenem

A

“Merrem”

IV

Anti-pseudomonal activity

Nosocomial infections

Meningitis

36
Q

Cephalosporins List

A 
Cefazolin 
Cephalexin 
Cefadroxil 
Cefaclor 
Crefporzil 
Cefotetan 
Cefuroxime 
Cefoxitin 
Ceftriaxone 
Ceftazidime 
Cefixime 
Cefepime 
Ceftaroline
37
Q

Carbapenems List

A

Meropenem
Imipenem/cillistain
Ertapenam

38
Q

meropenem

A

“Merrem”

IV

Beta-lactamase stable

Anti-pseudomonal

Nosocomial infections

Meningitis

39
Q

Imipenem/cillistain

A

“Primaxin”

IM

Beta-lactamase stable

Anti-pseudomonal 
Serious intra-abdominal infections 
NO MENINGITIS 
Staphylococcus aureus (NOT MRSA) 
Pseudomonas aeruginosa 
Mixed aerobic-anaerobic infections 
Febrile neutropenia patient
40
Q

Ertapenam

A

“Invanz”

IV/IM

Beta-lactamase stable

CAP
DFI
S/SI
Intra-abdominal infections

41
Q

Monobactams List

A

Aztreonam

Beta-Lactam group

42
Q

Aztreonam

A

“Azactam”

IV/IM

Binds to PBP

Inhibits cell synthesis

Nosocomial infections

Strictly gram-negative

43
Q

Imipenem/cillilstain

Adverse Reactions

A

Seizures in patients with meningitis and diminished renal function

44
Q

Glycopeptides List

A

Vancomycin

Telavancin

45
Q

Glycopeptides

A

Cell wall inhibitors

46
Q

Vancomycin

A

Clostridium Difficile

47
Q

Lipopeptides List

A

Daptomycin

48
Q

Fofsymycin

A

Cell synthesis inhibitor

49
Q

Tetracylclines List

A

Doxycycline

Tetracycline

Minocycline

Protein synthesis inhibitors

50
Q

Aminoglycosides List

A

Amikacin

Tobramycin

Gentamycin

Neomycin

51
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

Binds irreversibly to 30S ribosome

Inhibits protein synthesis

Need patient weight and renal function

52
Q

Amikacin

A

“Amkin”

Last line of defense=reserved for resistant organisms

Sepsis

Pneumonia

Wounds

Intra-abdominal

Genitourinary

S/S structure

UTI in men

53
Q

Amikacin Adverse Reactions

A

Ototoxicity

Nephrotoxicity

Neuromuscular blockade

54
Q

Tobramycin

A

“Nebcin”

IV or IM

Same as gentacicin

Reserved if organisms are resistant to gentacinin

1st line of defense for pseudomonas

55
Q

Gentamycin

A

“Garamycin”

IV or IM

Sepsis

Pneumonia

wounds

Intra-abdominal

GI/U

S/S structure

men with UTI

56
Q

Neomycin

A

Binds irreversibly to 30S ribosomes

57
Q

Macolides List

A

Erythromycin

Azithromycin

Clarithromycin

Binds to 50S sub-unit ribosomes

Inhibits protein synthesis

58
Q

Erythromycin

A

outpatient treatment for CAP

Streptococcal infections

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

59
Q

Macolides Adverse Reactions

A

GI issues like diarrhea

QT prolongation

60
Q

Azithromycin

A

“Zithromax”

PO or IV

Outpatient treatment of CAP

Otitis

Chlaymidia

Inpt w/ cephalosporin for CAP

IV alone for CAP

Campylobacter jejuni

61
Q

Clarithromycin

A

“Biaxin”

PO

Output treatment of CAP,

S/SI

sinusitis

Peptic ulcer disease

62
Q

Clindamycin

A

Inhibits protein synthesis

Binds to 50S sub-unit ribosome

S/SI

Toxic shock syndrome

Early DFI

Aspiration pneumonia w/ drug for GNR

63
Q

Fluoroquinolone

A

“Ciprofloxacin”

Anthrax

Shigella (severe cases)

Pharmcology (1 decks)

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