Antibiotics Flashcards
1
Q
Which antibiotics inhibit cell wall synthesis?
A
- With a beta-lactam ring (b-lactams):
- Penicillin
- Carbapenems
- Cephalosporins → cefuroxime, ceftriaxone
- Without beta-lactam ring:
- Vancomycin (glycopeptide)
- Teicoplanin
2
Q
Which antibiotics inhibit DNA synthesis?
A
- Sulfamethoxazole
- Trimethoprim
- Co-trimoxazole (combo of above)
- Fluoroquinolones → ciprofloxacin
- Metronidazole
- Nitrofurantoin
3
Q
Which antibiotics inhibit protein synthesis by targeting the ribosome?
A
- Macrolides → erythromycin, clarithryoycin, azithromycin
- Aminoglycosides → gentamicin
- Tetracycles → doxycycline
- Clindamycin
- Chloramphenicol
4
Q
Gram Positive Bacteria
A
5
Q
Gram Negative Bacteria
A
6
Q
Which antibiotics cover what type of pathogens?
A
- Start w/ amoxicillin to cover streptococcus, listeria + enterococcus
- Switch to co-amoxiclav to also cover staphlococcus, haemophilus + e.coli
- Switch to tazocin to also cover pseudomonas
- Switch to meropenem to also cover ESBLs
- Add teicoplanin or vancomycin to cover MRSA
- Add clarithromycin or doxycycline to cover atypical bacteria
7
Q
Which drug can be used in penicillin allergy?
A
- Glycopeptides such as vancomycin
- Because has a similar job as penicillin, but not a b-lactam, but still able to inhibit cell wall synthesis
8
Q
More detailed Anitbiotic coverage
A
