Antibiotics Flashcards
what are the 5 main ways in which antibiotics work?
inhibiting cell wall synthesis, nucleic acid synthesis, cell membrane synthesis protein synthesis and stopping metabolite production
what is the difference between bactericidal and bacteriostatic?
bactericidal - destroying/killing bacteria
bacteriostatic - stopping divisions and replications of bacteria, slows the growth
penicillin - 2 examples, mechanism, static/cidal?
amoxicillin, flucloxicillin
acts on cell wall
bactericidal
ceflasporins - 2 examples, mechanism, static/cidal?
ceftriaxone, cephalexin
cell wall
bactericidal
quinolones - 2 examples, mechanism, static/cidal?
ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin
DNA/RNA synthesis
both
macrolides - 2 examples, mechanism, static/cidal?
erythromycin, clarithromycin
protein synthesis
bacteriostatic
tetracycline - example, mechanism, static/cidal?
doxycycline, protein synthesis, bacteriostatic
aminoglycosides - example, mechanism, static/cidal
gentamicin, protein, both
glycopeptide - example, mechanism, static/cidal?
vancomycin, cell wall, bactericidal
carbopenams - example, mechanism, static/cidal?
meropenam, cell wall, bactericidal
what is the minimum inhibitory concentration?
the conc needed to kill bacteria
whats the difference between time-dependent and concentration-dependent?
in time dependent, long half lives are beneficial, they spend longer at the binding sites
in conc dependent, levels are important as you need a certain conc at the binding sites
in terms of antimicrobial stewardship, what is ‘I-five’ and the A to F?
identity, isolate, investigate, inform, initiate treatment
- within identify A to F means abroad, blood borne viruses, colonised, diarrhoea, expectorating, funny looking rash
