Antibiotics

Question 1

What does streptomycin inhibit in a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 1

the 30S subunit to disrupt translation by interfering with the binding of fmet-tRNA, which impairs translation

Question 2

What does clindamycin and erythromycin inhibit in a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 2

Binds to the 50S subunit and blocks translation of the ribosome

Question 3

What does tetracycline inhibit in a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 3

binds to the 30S subunit and blocks entry of the aminoacyl-tRNA complex which impairs elongation

Question 4

What does chloramphenicol inhibit in a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 4

Peptidyl transferase activity and impairs peptide bond formation

Question 5

What does Shiga toxin and Ricin inhibit in a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 5

binds to the 60S subunit, which blocks the entry of the aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosomal complex

Question 6

What does Diptheria toxin inhibit in a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 6

it inactivates the GTP-bound EF-2, which interferes with ribosomal translation

Question 7

What does cyclohgeximide inhibit in a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 7

The peptide transferase and impairs peptide bond formation

Question 8

Describe the actions of puromycin

Answer 8

causes premature chain termination

• resembles the 3’ end of the aminoacylated-tRNA,
• enters the A site and adds to the growing chain
• premature chain release
• resistant to hydrolysis
• stops the ribosome from functioning