Antibiotics Flashcards
Tetracyclines
Inhibit protein synthesis static
Used as broad spectrum when penicillin allergy, acne, chlamydia
Side effects: Superinfections, photosensitivity, discolored teeth bones, digitalis toxicity, many things bind to it
Aminoglycosides
Gentmycin cidal Block step for replication Used in gram - short term infection Side effects: OTO/NEPHRO/NEURO toxicity Interacts with: loop diuretics, cephalosporins, antiemetics
Macrolides
Erythromycin static
Changes in function/synthesis
Used for prophylaxis before dental procedure, skin/reap infections, STD
Which drugs interfere with protein synthesis
Tetracyclines
Aminoglycosides
Macrolides
Penicillins
Penicillins bactericidal
Cell wall synthesis interference
G potassium- narrow spectrum IM IV
ampicillin- broad (common) drug resistance
B lactamase- helps with resistance
Used: syphillis, staph/strep, prophylaxis
Precautions:asthma bleeding disorders
Cephalosporins
CEPHALEXIN Cidal targets cell wall, making it UNSTABLE
Used: ear, bone, joint, genitourary tract
Adverse: SUPERINFECTIONS pseudomembranous colitis
10% ALLERGIC TO PENICILLIN ALSO TO CEPHALOSPORINS
REACTS WITH ALCOHOL
Which drugs disrupt the cell wall
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Fluroquinolones
CIPROFLOXACIN cidal
Prevents production DNA RNA
used: lower resp, skin, bone, joint
Adverse: photosensitivity, Superinfections, TENDON RUPTURE
Which interfere with DNA/RNA synthesis
Fluroquinolones
Sulfonamides
Sulfadiazine static
Inhibit folic acid which slows multiplication
Used:burns, uti
Adverse: stomatitis, chills, orange urine, PHOTOSENSITIVITY, Steven Johnson’s
Which drugs inhibit folic acid synthesis
Sulfonamides
Drug must address which factors
Specificity for microbe
Host factors
Drug resistance
What is antiviral action
Interferes with ability to reproduce, combats doesn’t kill.
Can be toxic to human cells
Nonretrovirals vs retrovirals
Retrovirals- HIV
Non- herpes, hepatitis, flu
HAART
Highly active antiretroviral therapy
