antibiotics Flashcards
Bugs treated by penicillin
viridans group strep, other oral anaerobes, strep pyogenes, syphillis, leptospira (both are spirochetes right? treponema and leptospira..?)
Bugs treated by Amox/ampilicciln
same as pcn, plus lyme disease and HELPS with some other gram negs
(H flu, E coli, Listeria, proteus, salmonella)
PCNs (pun, amok, amp) are best initial therapy for what?
Otitis media, Lyme disease limited to rash/joint pain/7th CN involvement, dental infections, endocarditis prophylaxis, UTI in pregnancy, Listeria monocytogenes, enterococcal infections
Pencillinase resistant PCNS are
naficillin and the ox’s: oxacillin (methicillin equivalent–remember methicillin is not used in the body because it causes allergic intersitial nephritis and renal failure), dicloxacillin, cloxacillin
PCNase resistant PCNs are used for
Skin infections: impetigo, erysipelas (whatever the hell that is), and cellulitis
osteomyelitis and septic arthritis when susceptibility has been proven
endocarditis, meningitis and bacteremia caused by staphylococci
NOT EFFECTIVE AGAINST MRSA (DUH) OR ENTEROCOCCUS
antipseudomonals are___ and cover what else besides the obvious
when you administer them you do what?
Piperacillin, ticarcillin, azlocillin, mezlocillin
cover gram negs from the large enterobacteraciea family which includes Ecoli and proteus, as well as pseudo-monads
Also cover streptococci and anaerobes but would not be used for uncomplicated infections from these bugs alone (would use a narrower spectrum drug)
administer these with a beta-lactamese inhibitor: e.g. tazobactam, or clavulanate (clavulanic acid)
antipseudomonals are the best initial therapy for what illnesses?
Pylonephritis, bactermia, acute cholecystitis/ascending cholangitis, hospital acquired/vent assoc pneumonia, fever with neutropenia
All cephalosporins cover
E coli, klebsiella, Proteus mirabelis, viridans strep, Groups A-C strep (A-pyogenes, B-agalactsiea)
No cephalosporins cover
MRSA, Listeria, enterococci,
billy gets a rash to PCN what can you give him?
Cephalsporins, per master boards cross reactivity is less than 3%
Sally get annaplhaxis from PCN what should you give her?
Not a fucking cephlasporin, or any other beta-lactam antibiotic for that matter
Name the first generation cephsporins if you want
Cefzolin, cephalexin, cephadrine, cefadroxyl
Name the second generation cephsporins if you want
Cefuroxim, loracarbef, cefotetan, cefoxitin, cefprozill, cefaclor
Name the third generation cephsporins if you want
Ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefotaxime
Name the fourth generation cephsporins if you want
cefepime