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Perio II > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Chemotherapeutic agent

A

Chemical substance that can increase host resistance or have antimicrobial affects

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2
Q

5 characteristics of good local chemotherapeutics

A

Substantivity, low toxicity, high potency, good permeability, and intrinsic efficacy.

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3
Q

Chlorohexidine MOA

A

Ruptures cell membranes

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4
Q

Side effects of Chlorohexidine

A

Stain, calculus, and taste alterations

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5
Q

What is the “gold standard” per winkle sparkle for topical antimicrobials?

A

Chlorohexidine (adheres and releases for 6+ hours)

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6
Q

What’s the concentration of chlorohexidine and the plaque and gingivitis % reduction?

A

0.12% concentration
50-55% plaque reduction
445% gingivitis reduction

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7
Q

What two things interact negatively with the chlorohexidine?

A

sodium laryl sulfate and fluoride (stannous)

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8
Q

How much chlorohexidine should you use…??

A

15 mL (half of a shot, half of an ounce) for 30 seconds 2X day

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9
Q

What is an example of essential oils and what is the MOA?

A

Listerine.

Disrupt cell wall and inhibit bac enzymes

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10
Q

What percent of alcohol are in essential oils?

A

21.6-26.9% (careful with recovering alcoholics)

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11
Q

Povidine Iodine?????

A

presurgical scrub for skin. Avoid in people with allergies, thyroid dysfunction, or pregnant people.

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12
Q

Quaternary ammonium compounds?? MOA??

A

Cepacol and scope. rupture cell wall (cationic)

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13
Q

Sanguinarine

A

from Cactus- studied in mouth rinse

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14
Q

What is sodium hypochlorite used for?

A

Bleach-endodontics

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15
Q

Stannous fluoride MOA

A

promotes remineralization, increases tooth resistance to acid dissolution, and inhibits cariogenic microbial processes

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16
Q

Triclosan

A

broad spectrum-banned a lot of places

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17
Q

What are the three things triclosan is combined with?

A

Zinc citrate (antiplaque and calculus), polyvinyl methyl and maelic acid (increase substantivity), pyrophosphates (anti calculus)

18
Q

Why are four reasons pts should take antibiotics?

A

Immunocompromised, ANUG/ANUP, systemic diseases, and bad candidates for complex and invasive treatments

19
Q

Antibiotics for chronic perio?

A

No

20
Q

What type of bacteria is primarily in perio?

A

G- anaerobes

21
Q

Penecillin MOA, effect, and spectrum?

A

inhibit cell wall synthesis, bacteriocidal, narrow

22
Q

Three most common penecillins

A

Pen VK, amox, augmentin

23
Q

Tetracyclines MOA, effect, and spectrum?

A

Inhibit protein synthesis, bacteriostatic, broad

24
Q

Two advantages to tetracyclines?

A

can concentrate in the tissues (bye bye AA) and is anticollagenase

25
Q

Down sides to tetracyclines?

A

the sun. no milk or dairy with it, and no babies or pregnant people

26
Q

Two main forms of tetracyclines?

A

Doxycycline and Minocycline

27
Q

Docycyline benefits? PS Take two tabs right away

A

Less side effects, can take with milk

28
Q

Metronidazole MOA, effect, and brand name?

A

Inhibit DNA synthesis, Bacteriocidal (anaerobes), and Flagyl

29
Q

Side effects of metronidazole?

A

nausea, orange pee, metallic taste, antabuse effect (sick in alcoholics), neuropathy

30
Q

Metronidazole is synergistic with what

A

PCN’s (amox and aug)

31
Q

Clindamyacin MOA, effect, what bac, and why you take it

A

Inhibits protein synthesis, bacteriostatic, anaerobic, for Pen allergy people

32
Q

Side effects of clindamyacin?

A

Growth of clostridium difficil (pseudomembranous colitis), and skin rash

33
Q

Azithromyacin MOA, bac, and benefits

Z PAK

A

Penetrate fibroblasts and phagocytes, anaerobes and G- bacilli, can concentrate in the tissues

34
Q

What is a HMT and why are they good? name two

A

host modulator and they can decrease the immune response destruction so the antibiotics can kill the agent.
NSAID and periostat

35
Q

HIV, osteoporosis, and infrequent dental visits are examples of what?

A

Risk indicators

36
Q

Tobacco, diabetes, pathogenic bacteria, and microbial tooth deposits are examples of what?

A

Risk factors

37
Q

Genetic factors, age, gender and stress are examples of what?

A

Risk determinants

38
Q

BOP and previous history of perio are examples of what?

A

Risk markers/predictors

39
Q

How much more likely are people who smoke to lose teeth?

A

3X

40
Q

What is the likely % improved prognosis if smoking is stopped?

A

60%

Perio II (1 decks)

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