Antibiotics

Question 1

Rifambicin and Rifamycin B do what?

Answer 1

inhibit prokaryotic transcription by blocking first phosphodiester bond in RNA chain

Question 2

cordycepin does what?

Answer 2

block prok. transcription. An adenosine analog lacking 3’ OH causing RNA chain termination

Question 3

streptolydigin does what?

Answer 3

inhibits prok. transcription. Binds RNA polymerase and prevents elongation.

Question 4

Actinomycin D does what?

Answer 4

inhibits prok transcription. Bind to DNA by intercalating between GC pairs.

Question 5

streptomycin and other aminoglycosides do what?

Answer 5

Inhibits translation. they inhibit initiation and cause the misreading of mRNA (prokaryotes)

Question 6

tetracycline does what?

Answer 6

Binds to 30S subunit and inhibits the binding of aminoacyl tRNAs (prokaryotes)

Question 7

chloramphenicol does what?

Answer 7

inhibits peptidyl transferase of 50S ribosomal subunit (prokaryotes)

Question 8

cycloheximide does what?

Answer 8

EUKARYOTES, RESEARCH ONLY. inhibits translocation

Question 9

erythromycin does what?

Answer 9

Binds to 50S subunit and inhibits translocation (prok)

Question 10

puromycin does what? (aminonucleosides)

Answer 10

causes premature chain termination by acting as an analog of aminoacyl tRNA (prok and euk)

Question 11

What does alpha amanitin do?

Answer 11

fungal toxin that inhibits RNA pol II transcription. (eukaryotic)

Question 12

What does Ricin do?

Answer 12

from castor beans. Removes an adenine base, prevents binding of elongation factors (eukaryotic)

Question 13

What does diptheria toxin do?

Answer 13

ADP-ribosylates an EF2, blocking its translocation activity (eukaryotic)