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FoM > Antibiotics 2 > Flashcards

Antibiotics 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What does selective toxicity mean?

A

It kills the pathogen and not host cells

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2
Q

What does bactericidal mean?

A

Kills bacteria

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3
Q

What does bacteriostatic mean?

A

Prevents bacteria from reproducing but does not kill it

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4
Q

What are the main protein synthesis inhibitors?

A

Aminoglycosides (gentamicin)
Tetracyclines (minocycline)
Macrolides (erythromycin)

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5
Q

What does gentamicin do?

A

Bactericidal
Toxic- causes damage to kidneys

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6
Q

What do tetracyclines do?

A

Stops chain elongation
Broad spectrum
Resistance is increasing

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7
Q

What are antibiotics that target nucleic acids?

A

Fluoroquinolones ( ciprofloxacin)
Metronidazole (nitromadazoles)
Trimethoprim

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8
Q

What do quinolones do?

A

Inhibits DNA synthesis

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9
Q

What do nitromadazoles do?

A

Act against anaerobes
Indeuces DNA strand breakage

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10
Q

What is biofilm?

A

Multi-cellular structure in which cells stick to each other

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11
Q

What are persistor cells?

A

Sub population of cells that resist treatment and become antimicrobial tolerant

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12
Q

What does MRSA stand for?

A

Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus

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13
Q

What does ESBL stand for?

A

Extended spectrum b lactamases

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14
Q

What does CPE stand for?

A

Carbapenemase producing enterobacteriaceae

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15
Q

What are types of horizontal gene transfer?

A

Transformation
Transduction
Conjugation

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16
Q

What are examples of b lactamase inhibitors?

A

Clavulanic acid
Tazobactam

17
Q

What are examples of b lactamases?

A

Penicillinase
ESBL
CPE

18
Q

What is an example of antimicrobial drug resistance?

A

MRSA

19
Q

What are methods of antibiotic resistance?

A

Natural resistance
Clinical resistance
Horizontal gene transfer

FoM (3 decks)

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