Antibiotics Flashcards
What is the treatement for H. pylori
Amoxicillin, PPI and clarithromycin
What is the treatment for common gut infections
Coliform - gentamicin
Enterococcus - amoxicillin
Anaerobes - metronidazole
What is metronidazole used for?
Anaerobic infections
Funky things - amoeba, protazoa etc
What is the treatment of a COPD exacerbation
Amoxicillin and doxycycline
What is the treatment of leigonella (pneumonia presenting with GI symptoms)
Macrolide (eryhtromycin etc)
Quinolone (levofloxacin)
What is the treatment of epiglottitis
Cefriaxone (cephlasporin)
What is the treatment of bordella pertussis
Macrolide
What is the treatment of staph aureus?
Flucloxacillin
What is the endocarditis treatment of strep viridans?
Benzylpenicillin and gentamicin
What is the endocarditis treatment of enterococcus?
Amoxicillin/vancomycin and gentamicin
What are the ABx treatments for any other endocarditis infections?
Vancomycin and IV gentamicin
What are the CAP pneumonia treatments?
Non-severe - amoxicillin IV
Severe - Co-amoxiclav IV and Clarithromycin IV (becomes doxycyclin)
What are the HAP treatments?
Non-severe - amoxicillin and metronidazole
Severe - GAM
What are the side effects of the TB drugs
Rifampicin - red secretions
Isonazid - Peripheral neuropathy
Pyrazinamide - hepatitis, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, joint pain
Ethambutol - colour blindness -> blindness
What are the treatment for latent Tb
RI for 3 months or I for 6 months if side effects e.g. oral contraceptive pill
What are the cell wall antibiotics and which ones are b-lactam ABX
Cephlasporins, carbapenems, penicillins - b-lactam
Glycopeptides - non b-lactam
Are cell-wall abx bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal
Bacteriocidal
What is cephlasporins compared to penicillins
More b-lactam resistant
What antibiotics inhibit protein synthesis?
Aminoglycoside, tetracycline, macrolide, chloramphenicol, clindamycin
Are protien synthesis abx bacteriostatic or cidal
Aminoglycosides are bacteriocidal, the others are bacteriostatic
What is unique about the secretion of macrolides?
They are excreted via the liver/gut whereas most others are kidneys/urine
What antibiotics inhibit folate synthesis?
Sulphonamides/trimethroprim
What is the action of fluoroquinolone?
Inhibit DNA synthesis/replication
What is the action of metronidazole?
Damage DNA
What is the combination of co-trimoxazole and what can it be used for?
Sulphonamide + trimoxazole and can be used to treat AIDS exacerbation through pneumocystic jivorecci
Catagorise these specific antibiotics: cefriaxone, vancomicin, gentamicin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin
Cefriazone - cephlasporin
Vancomycin - glycopeptide
Gentamicin - aminoglycoside
Erythromycin - macrolide
Ciprofloxacin - quinolone
What antibiotics cause C. diff
Cephlasporin, clindamicin, ciprofloxacin (quinolone), co-amoxiclav
What is an indicative not-use of metronidazole
Alcohol interaction
What is a common side effect of gentamicin
Renal damage
CN XIII damage
What is a common side effect of quinolones?
Tendonitis
What antibiotics are not safe in pregnancy?
Quinolones
Macrolides (erythromycin is)
What is the treatment for pseudomonas?
Gentamicin
When is doxycycline used?
- 1st line atypical pneumonias
- E.G. CHLAMYDIA PSITTACHI, COXIELLA BURNETTI
- COPD exaccerbation
- broad spectrum if allergic to penicillin
Treatment of bronchiectasis
Macrolide and nebulised gentamicin
What antibiotic may interact with amiodarone and warfarin
Erythromycin
