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Microbiology Antibiotics > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

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1
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

Inhibits protein synthesis, bacteriocidal

Binds 30S Ribosome, causes misreading of RNA, dangerous renal and ototoxicity

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2
Q

Linezolid

A

Inhibits protein synthesis, Bacteriostatic

Binds 23S in 50s subunit, blocks translation initiation

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3
Q

Macrolid

A

Inhibits protein synthesis, Bacteriostatic

Binds 23S in 50S subunit, blocks exit of growing peptide

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4
Q

Chloramphenicol

A

Inhibits protein synthesis, Bacteriostatic

Binds 23S in 50S subunit, prevents peptide bond formation

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5
Q

Clindamycin

A

Inhibits protein synthesis, Bacteriostatic

Binds 23S in 50S, blocks exit of growing peptide

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6
Q

Tetracycline

A

Inhibits protein synthesis, Bacteriostatic

Blocks attachment of tRNA-AA to 30S subunit

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7
Q

Sulfonamides

A

Prevents folic acid synthesis, Bacteriostatic

competes with PABA, allergy = stephens johnson syndrome

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8
Q

Dapsone

A

Prevents folic acid synthesis, Bacteriocidal

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9
Q

Trimethoprim

A

Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, Bacteriocidal

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10
Q

Rifampin

A

Inhibits RNA transcription, bacteriocidal

Binds DNA-dependent RNA pol

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11
Q

Bacitracin (topical)

A

Inhibits RNA transcription, Bacteriocidal

Also listed as cytoplasmic membrane interference

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12
Q

Quinolones/Florquinolones

A

Inhibits DNA synthesis, Bacteriocidal

ie ciprofloxacin, inhibits DNA gyrase or topioisomerase

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13
Q

Metronidazole

A

Inhibits DNA synthesis, Bacteriocidal

metabolic cytotoxic byproducts disrupt DNA

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14
Q

Polymixins

A

Interfere with cytoplasmic membrane function

Cationic detergent like activity

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15
Q

Anti-fungals

A

Interferes with cytoplasmic membrane (targets ergosterol)

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16
Q

Penicillin

B-lactam

A

Inhibitor of Cell wall synthesis, bacteriocidal

Mimics D-alaD-ala residues and irreversibly inhibits transpeptidase by reacting with serine

17
Q

Cephalosporins

B-lactam

A

Inhibitor of Cell wall synthesis, bacteriocidal
Mimics D-alaD-ala residues and irreversibly inhibits transpeptidase by reacting with serine
-4th generation more powerful than 1st generation

18
Q

Monobactams

B-lactam

A

Inhibitor of Cell wall synthesis, bacteriocidal
Mimics D-alaD-ala residues and irreversibly inhibits transpeptidase by reacting with serine
-active against gram negative bacilli

19
Q

Carbapenems

B-lactam

A

Inhibitor of Cell wall synthesis, bacteriocidal
Mimics D-alaD-ala residues and irreversibly inhibits transpeptidase by reacting with serine
-very broad spectrum

20
Q

Glycopeptides (Vancomycin)

A

Inhibits cell wall synthesis, bacteriocidal
(binds D-alaD-ala and prevents peptidoglycan cross-linking)
-Causes redman syndrome

21
Q

Fosfomycin

A

Inhibits cell wall synthesis, bacteriocidal

(inhibits phosphoenol pyruvate halting muramic acid synthesis

22
Q

What is the only bacteriocidal inhibitor of protein synthesis?

A

Aminoglycosides

23
Q

What are the two inhibitors of DNA synthesis?

A

Quinolones/fluorquinolones, metronidazole

24
Q

What are the three interferers of cytoplasmic membranes?

A

Polymixins, Bacitracin, Anti-fungals

25
Q

What are the 4 B-lactam antibiotics

A

Penicillin, cephalosporin, monobactam, carbapenems

26
Q

What are the two inhibitors of RNA transcription?

A

Bacitracin, Rifampin

27
Q

What are 6 inhibitors of protein synthesis?

A

Aminoglycosides, linezolids, macrolids, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline

28
Q

What are the two inhibitors of folic acid synthesis

A

Sulfonamides and Dapsone

29
Q

What are the bacteriostatic drugs we are required to know?

A

All inhibitors of protein synthesis except amino glycosides (linezolid, macrolide, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, tetracycline) and sulfonamides

Microbiology Antibiotics (1 decks)

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