Antibiotic therapy Flashcards

1
Q

Therapeutic index

A

Ratio between the toxic dose and the theurapeutic one

Higher it is, the less the drug is toxic

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2
Q

MIC (CMI fr)

A

Minimal inhibitory concentration

Concentration minimale inhibitrice

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3
Q

Which can be the antibiotic targets?

A
  • Cell wall synthesis (penicillin, chaphalosporin, vancomycin)
  • Cell membrane functions (polymyxin)
  • DNA replication process (quinolones)
  • Transcription (rifamycin)
  • Translation (tetracycline, erytrhomici, streptomycin, chrolamphenicol)
  • Metabolism processes (sulfonamide)
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4
Q

4 meccanismi di resistenza acquisita

A
  • Efflusso
  • Impermeabilità
  • Mutazione del target
  • Sviluppo di enzimi che degradano l’antibiotico
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5
Q

Le resistenze batteriche vengono distinte in 3 forme:

A
  • Naturali: esistono in una specie batterica da sempre
  • Acquisite: 4 meccanismi
  • Trasferibili: coniugazione batterica tramite il pilo. Solo a livello ospedaliero
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