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Antibiotics > Antibiotic/Route > Flashcards

Antibiotic/Route Flashcards

1
Q

What are the natural penicillins?

A

Pen G (IM)
Pen V (Oral)

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2
Q

What is the coverage of the Natural penicillins?

A

Active against gram positive bacteria

Streptococci, Pneumococci, meningococci, spirochetes, clostridia, anaerobic gp rods, actinomyces, enterococci

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3
Q

What are the Isoxazolyl penicillins?

A

Methicillin, cloxacillin, flucloxacillin, dicloxacillin,

Available as IV and oral formulations

Designed for Staph Aureus

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4
Q

What are the aminopenicillins?

A

Ampicillin (IV)
Amoxicillin (Oral)

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5
Q

What is the coverage of the aminopenicillins?

A

Amoxicillin/Ampicillin,

Streptococci,m enterococci, Neiserria sp, non-beta-lactamase producing H. Influenzae, E.Coli, P. mirabilis, salmonella

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6
Q

What is ESBLs?

A

Extended spectrum beta lactamases found in E.Coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae (High resistance)

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7
Q

What is the 1 ureidopenicillin?

A

Piperacillin IV

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8
Q

What is the activity of piperacillin?

A

Increased activity against GN rods. Therefore activity against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

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9
Q

What are the first generation cephalosporins?

A

Cephalexin and Cefadroxil (Oral)
Cefazolin (IV)

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10
Q

What is the activity of the First generation cephalosporines?

A

gram positive cocci, E,coli, proteus, klebsiella

***Not enterococcior MRSA

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11
Q

What are the second generation cephalosporins?

A

Cefuroxime axetil, cefprozil (ORAL)
Cefuroxime (IV/IM)
Cefoxitin

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12
Q

What do the second generation cephalosporins cover?

A

Gram positive cocci, e,.coli, proteus, klebsiella

Greater coverage for GNB, but not P.aeruginosa

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13
Q

What are the third generation cephalosporins?

A

Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone (IV/IM)
Ceftazidime IV/IM
Cefixime (Oral)

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14
Q

Which third generation cephalosporin is most reserved for Ps. Aeruginosa?

A

Ceftazidime

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15
Q

What is the overall activity of third generation cephalosporins?

A

Decreased activity against GPC except strept. pneumoniae

Enhanced GNB coverage

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16
Q

What are the fourth generation cephalosporins?

A

Cefepime IV
Ceftaroline and Ceftobiprole IV

17
Q

What is the activity of fourth generation cephalosporins?

A
18
Q

What are the carbapenems?

A

Imipneme-cilastatin
Meropenem
Ertapenem

19
Q

What is the activity of the Carbapenems?

A
20
Q

What are the macrolids?

A

Erythromycin, clarithromycin and azithromycin

21
Q

What is the spectrum of activity of the macrolides?

A
22
Q
A

Antibiotics (1 decks)

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