Antibiotic Revision

Question 1

what is used to treat anaerobes

Answer 1

metrondiazole

Question 2

what is used to treat enterococcus

Answer 2

amoxicillin

Question 3

what is used to treat staph aureus

Answer 3

flucloxacillin

Question 4

what is used to treat coliforms and pseudomonas

Answer 4

gentamicin

Question 5

what is used to treat viridans streptococi

Answer 5

benzylpenicillin + gentamicin

Question 6

what is used to treat staph eidermis

Answer 6

gent + vancomycin

Question 7

what is used to treat campylobacter

Answer 7

ciprofloxacin/ erythromycin

Question 8

what is used for C. diff

Answer 8

metronidazole, and then if still present vancomycin

Question 9

what are the 4 that cause C diff

Answer 9

Cephalosporins, Clindamycin, Ciprofloxacin,

Co-amoxiclav

Question 10

what are beta lactams

Answer 10

cell wall inhibitors- penicillins, cephalosporins (except vancomycin)

Question 11

are cocci gram neg or pos

Answer 11

all gram pos except neisseria spp

Question 12

are bacilli gram neg or pos

Answer 12

all gram neg except dipethia and some more

Question 13

what treats intracellular bacteria

Answer 13

tetracyclines and macrolides

Question 14

what antibiotics should be avoided in pregnant women

Answer 14

tetracyclines, aminoglycides, fluoroquinolones

Question 15

how do macrolides work

Answer 15

inhibits protein synthesis (bacteriostatic)

Question 16

how do quinolones work

Answer 16

inhibit nucleic acid synthesis

Question 17

how does gentamicin work

Answer 17

inhibits protein synthesis

Question 18

how is a mild/mod CAP treated

Answer 18

amoxicillin (or doxycyclin)

Question 19

how is a severe (3-5) CAP treated

Answer 19

co- amoxiclav IV + doxycycline (or levofloxacin)

Question 20

how is a severe HAP treated

Answer 20

IV amoxicillin + metronidazole + gentamicin (if allergic replace amox with co-trimoxazole)

Question 21

how is a non severe HAP treated

Answer 21

PO amoxicillin + metronidazole (if allergic co-trimoxazole)

Question 22

how is an acute exacerbation of COPD treated

Answer 22

(only if purulent sputum)

amoxicillin, 2nd line doxycycline

Question 23

how is an acute cough/ bronchitis treated

Answer 23

amoxicillin, 2nd line doxycycline

Question 24

how is native valve indolent (subacute) endocarditis treated

Answer 24

amoxicillin + gentamicin

Question 25

how is native valve severe sepsis (acute) endocarditis treated

Answer 25

flucloxacillin

Question 26

how is prosthetic valve or suspected MRSA treated

Answer 26

vancomycin + rifampicin + gentamicin

Question 27

how is native valve severe sepsis treated + risk of resistant pathogens

Answer 27

vancomycin + meropenem

Question 28

how is a non severe C diff infection treated

Answer 28

metronidazole po

Question 29

how is a severe c diff infection treated

Answer 29

vancomycin (PO/NG) +/- IV metronidazole

Question 30

how are is peritonitis/ biliary tract. intra-abdominal infections treated

Answer 30

IV amoxicillin + metronidazole + gentamicin

Question 31

how is acute gastroenteritis treated

Answer 31

none

Question 32

how is acute pancreatitis treated

Answer 32

none

Question 33

how is a mild provem spontaneous bacterial peritonitis treated

Answer 33

co-trimoxazole PO

Question 34

how is a severe proven spontaneous bacterial peritonitis treated

Answer 34

peperacillin/ tazobactam

Question 35

how is an infection of unknown cause treated

Answer 35

IV amoxicillin + metronidazole + gentamicin (+ flucloxacillin/ vancomycin if staohylcocci concern)

if allergic
(IV vancomycin instead of amoxicillin)