Antibiotic Resistance & Culturing Flashcards
How do you know when to culture?
Ulcer is large (>3mm)
Multiple Ulcers (2 or more)
Ulcer is centrally located (within 1mm of visual axis)
If corneal ulcer, collect from ______ with some pressure (unless cornea very thin)
base and leading edge
What growth is supported on a blood agar?
most bacteria & fungi, except Neisseria, Haemophilus, and Moraxella
What growth is supported on a chocolate agar?
Haemophilus, Moraxella, and Neisseria
What growth is supported on a sabouraud dextrose agar?
fungi
What growth is supported on a MacConkey?
gram - bacteria only,
differentiate lactose positive & negative, which is helpful in identifying Pseudomonas
What growth is supported on IMA with gentamicin?
Fungi
What growth is supported on thioglycollate broth?
wide range of bacteria, including anaerobic, and fungi
What types of bacteria has cell walls that contain thick layers of peptidoglycan and stains purple?
gram +
What type of bacteria has cell walls with thin layers of peptidoglycan and stains pink?
gram -
What happens when microorganisms develop resistance when they are exposed to antimicrobial drugs?
antimicrobial resistance (AMR)
Microorangisms that develop AMR are referred to as _____.
“Superbugs”
What are zoonotic diseases? What are some examples?
germs that spread btwn animals and people
monkeypox
coronavirus
At least one antibiotic resistant infection every ____ and one death from antibiotic resistance every _____
11 secs; 15 mins
What are some misconceptions on antibiotic resistance?
ABX can be used to treat cold, flu, COVID-19 (viruses)
should stop taking ABX when they feel better
ABR happens when body becomes resistant to ABX when in fact it is the bacteria
individuals are not at risk of drug resistant infection if they personally take their ABX as prescribed
ABR is only a problem for people who take ABX regularly
What is Horizontal Gene Transfer?
bacteria has ability to ‘share’ their DNA coding for resistance traits w/ another bacteria (not its offspring or even genomes)
______ is the most common etiologic agent, accounting for up to two thirds of cases
pseudomonas
Patient is a contact lens wearer and presents with red eyes, what condition does this patient most likely have?
microbial keratitis
What are treatments for microbial keratitis?
ciprofloxacin q1-2hrs
alternating w/ tobramycin q1-2hrs
What antibiotics are prescribed to rule out viral conjunctivitis?
Adenoplus/QuickVue
When fighting antibiotic resistance, what kills all microorganisms but not harm humans?
far UVC light
What is a faster diagnostic test for fighting antibiotic resistance?
bacteria “trap”
rapid diagnostic test
radioactive tracers and PET scan
