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MD2 > Antibiotic classes and actions > Flashcards

Antibiotic classes and actions Flashcards

1
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

Gentamicin.

Inhibits bacterial 30S ribosome.

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2
Q

Beta Lactams

A

Penicillins and cephalosporins and carbapenems.

Inhibit cell wall synthesis

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3
Q

Glycopeptides (give example)

When would you use these and why?

A

Vancomycin
Inhibits cell wall synthesis: Bind to acyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine in peptidoglycan, preventing further elongation of peptidoglycan chain.

High toxicity so only use with people hypersensitive to beta lactams or with MRSA.

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4
Q

Tetracyclines

A

Doxycycline.

Inhibits bacterial 30S ribosome.

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5
Q

Macrolides

A

Azithromycin.

Inhibits 50S ribosomal subunit

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6
Q

Trimethoprim

A

Inhibits folic acid synthesis

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7
Q

Sulphonamides

A

Sulfamethoxazole

Inhibits folic acid synthesis

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8
Q

Fluoroquinolones

A

Ciprofloxacin

Inhibits DNA gyrase

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9
Q

Rifamycins

A

Rifampicin

Inhibits RNA polymerase

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10
Q

Nitroimidazoles

A

Metronidazole

Disrupts DNA strands

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11
Q

Treat tonsillitis?

A

Only if high fever, tender lymph nodes, white exudate on tonsils. Give oral penicillin or IV benzylpenicillin.

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12
Q

DDX for tonsilitis

A

EBV

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13
Q

CA Pneumonia antibiotics

A

Mild: Amoxycillin PO or doxycycline

Moderate: benzylpenicillin IV + doxycyline PO

Severe: IV ceftriaxone and arithromycin

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14
Q

HA pneumonia antibiotics

A

Mild: Augmentin PO (duofort)

Moderate: ceftriaxone IV

Severe: Tazosin (piperacillin + tazobactam) IV

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15
Q

Antibiotics for UTI + common causative organisms

A

E coli, proteus, staph sprophyticus, klebsiella

Trimethoprim for non-pregnant women and men

Cephalexin in pregnant women

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16
Q

Antibiotics for surgical abdomen and common organisms

A

GN, GP, anaerobes

IV Gentamicin + metronidazole + amoxycillin

17
Q

Cellulitis common organisms and antibiotics

A

Streptococcus, staph aureus

Oral fluclox -> IV fluclox if that doesn’t work.

MD2 (16 decks)

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