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Antibiotics > Antibiotic class > Flashcards

Antibiotic class Flashcards

1
Q

Penicilins

A

Cell wall inhibitor

Amoxacillin

Good gram positive cover, adding a B-lactamaze inhibitor extends coverage to gram neg

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2
Q

Cephalosporins

A

Cell wall inhibitor

2nd Generation - Cefuroxime
3rd Generation - Cefotriaxone (1st line meningitis)

Further down the generations increasing cover to gram negative bacterias

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3
Q

Carbapenems

A

Cell wall inhibitor

Meropenem

Bacterial resistance is becoming more common

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4
Q

Glycopeptides

A

Cell wall inhibitor

Vancomycin

Cannot enter gram neg
Nephrotoxic
Good for MRSA and C.dif

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5
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor

Gentamycin

Binds to 30s ribosomal injury
Requires transport into the cell

Oto and nephrotoxic
Synergistic with B-lactams

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6
Q

Tetracyclines

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor

Doxy

Binds to 30s subunit

Active against intracellular pathogens
Widespread drug resistance

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7
Q

Macrolides

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor

Erythomycin

Binds to 50s subunit of ribosome

Minimal effects against gram neg
Useful for when people have penicilin allergy, or atypical pneumonias

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8
Q

Chlormphenicol

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor

Eye drops

Binds to 50s subunit

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9
Q

Oxazolidinones

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor

Linezolid

Binds to 23s subunit of the 50s unit of the ribosomes, prevents 70s formation

Highly active against MRSA/VRE
Not useful against gram neg
May cause thrombocytopaenia & neuro problems

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10
Q

Floroquinolones

A

DNA synthesis inhibitor

Ciprofloxacilin

a-subunit of DNA gyrase

Good against gram neg, also pos
Resistance rapidly develops

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11
Q

Nitromidazoles

A

DNA synthesis inhibitor

Metronidazole

Only active against anaerobes and protazoa
Resistance is rare

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12
Q

Rifamycins

A

RNA synthesis inhibitor

Rifampicin

Binds to DNA-dependent RNA polymerase

Effective against mycobacter and chlamydia
Need to monitor LFTs, CYP450 inducer
Resistance develops quickly

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13
Q

Cyclic lipopeptide

A

Cell membrane toxin

Daptomycin

Binds to cell membrane
Good against gram pos, esspecially MRSA/VRE

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14
Q

Polymyxin

A

Cell membrane toxin

Colistin

Only active against gram neg
Needs to be IV
Nephrotoxic

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15
Q

Sulfonamides

A

Folate Metabolism inhibitor

Sulpamethoxazole

Resistance is common

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16
Q

Diaminopyrimidines

A

Folate metabolism inhibitor

Trimethoprim

A lot of resisitance

Antibiotics (1 decks)

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