Antibiotic Class Flashcards
penicillins
amoxicillin
bacteriocidal - bacterial CW/membranes disrupters
carbapenems
meropenem
bacteriocidal - bacterial CW/membranes disrupters
monobactam
aztreonam
bacteriocidal - bacterial CW/membranes disrupters
glycopeptides (anti-staph agent)
vancomycin
bacteriocidal - bacterial CW/membranes disrupters
lipopeptides (anti-staph agent)
daptomycin
bacteriocidal - bacterial CW/membranes disrupters
anti-tb agents
bacteriocidal - bacterial CW/membranes disrupters
isoniazid, ethambutol
polymixins
polymixin B
bacteriocidal - bacterial CW/membranes disrupters
macrolides
azithromycin
bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors - bacteriostatic
tetracyclines
doxycycline
bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors - bacteriostatic
lincosamides
clindamycin
bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors - bacteriostatic
aminoglycosides
gentamicin
bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors - bacteriostatic
pleuromutilins
lefamulin
bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors - bacteriostatic
oxazolidinones (anti-staph agent)
linezolid
bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors - bacteriostatic
streptogramins (anti-staph agent)
quinupristan-dalfopristin
bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors - bacteriostatic
folate antagonists
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
bacterial DNA/RNA function disruption - bacteriocidal
nitroimidazoles
metronidazole
bacterial DNA/RNA function disruption - bacteriocidal
mupirocin
mupirocin
bacterial DNA/RNA function disruption - bacteriocidal
nitrofurantoin
nitrofurantoin
bacterial DNA/RNA function disruption - bacteriocidal
anti-tb agents
bacterial DNA/RNA function disruption - bacteriocidal
rifampin
polyenes
nystatin, pores, unpleasant taste nausea diarrhea
triazoles
itraconazole flucoconazole voriconazole posiconazole: block CYP450 enzyme in ergesterol synthesis, QT prolongation (headache nausea vomit cramp <10%), inhibit CYP3A4, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, avoid in 1st trimester
imidazole
miconazole: headache, diarrhea <10%,
clotrimazole: nausea, LFT increases,
both pores, weak inhibitors CYP3A4, increase [serum] sulfonureas, warfarin
echinocandins
-fungin
anidulafungin, caspofungin, micafungin
pyrimidine analog
flucytosine: DNA/RNA fxn disrupt (chemo), avoid use in pregnancy
triterpenoid
ibrexafungerp, avoid use in pregnancy