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Antibiotic Choices > Antibiotic Choices > Flashcards

Antibiotic Choices Flashcards

1
Q

Exacerbation of chronic bronchitis

A

Amoxicillin or tetracycline or clarithromycin

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2
Q

Uncomplicated CAP

A

Amoxicillin

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3
Q

Uncomplicated CAP + allergic to penicillin

A

Doxycycline or clarithromycin

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4
Q

Uncomplicated CAP with staphylococci

A

Flucloxacillin

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5
Q

Atypical Pneumonia

A

Clarithromycin

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6
Q

HAP within 5 days

A

Co- Amoxiclav

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7
Q

HAP within 5 days + allergic to penicillin

A

Cefuroxime???

doycycline ( if well)

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8
Q

HAP more than 5 days

A

Tazocin ( piperacillin + tazobactam)

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9
Q

HAP more than 5 days + penicillin allergy

A

Ceftazidime (cephalosporin) or ciprofloxacin (quinolone)

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10
Q

LUTI

A

Trimethroprim or nitrofurantoin alt amoxicillin or ceftazidime

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11
Q

LUTI + early pregnancy

A

Nitrofurantoin until last few weeks of pregnancy

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12
Q

LUTI + late pregnancy

A

Trimethoprim after 12 weeks

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13
Q

LUTI + male

A

Trimethoprim or nitrofurantoin for 7 days

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14
Q

LUTI + female

A

Trimethoprim or nitrofurantoin for 3 days

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15
Q

Acute pyelonephritis

A

Ceftazidime (cephalosporin) or ciprofloxacin (quinolone)

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16
Q

Impetigo

A

Topical hydrogen peroxide or oral flucloxacillin/ erythromycin if wide spread.

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17
Q

Impetigo + systemically unwell + penicillin allergy

A

Erythromycin

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18
Q

Cellulitis

A

Flucloxacillin (clarithromycin, erythromycin or doxycycline if penicillin-allergic)

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19
Q

Cellulitis

A

Flucloxacillin

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20
Q

Cellulitis near eyes and nose

A

Co-amoxiclav

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21
Q

Cellulitis near eyes and nose + allergic to penicillin

A

clarithromycin + metronidazole

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22
Q

Cellulitis + allergic to penicillin

A

clarithromycin, erythromycin or doxycycline if penicillin-allergic

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23
Q

Erysipelas

A

Flucloxacillin

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24
Q

Erysipelas + penicillin allergic

A

clarithromycin, erythromycin or doxycycline

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25
Animal or human bite
Co-amoxiclav
26
Animal or human bite + allergic to penicillin
doxycycline + metronidazole
27
Mastitis during breast-feeding
Flucloxacillin
28
Throat infections
Phenoxymethylpenicillin
29
Throat infections + allergic to penicillin
erythromycin
30
Otitis media
Amoxicillin
31
Otitis media + penicillin allergic
Erythromycin
32
Sinusitis
Phenoxymethylpenicillin
33
Periapical or periodontal abscess
Amoxicillin
34
Gingivitis: acute necrotising ulcerative
Metronidazole
35
Gonorrhoea
Intramuscular ceftriaxone
36
Chlamydia
Doxycycline or azithromycin
37
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Oral ofloxacin + oral metronidazole
38
Pelvic inflammatory disease + allergic to penicillin
Intramuscular ceftriaxone + oral doxycycline + oral metronidazole
39
Syphilis
Benzathine benzylpenicillin
40
Syphilis but penicillin allergic
Doxycycline or erythromycin
41
Bacterial vaginosis
Oral or topical metronidazole or topical clindamycin
42
Trichomonas Vaginalis
Oral metronidazole
43
Clostridium difficile : First episode
oral vancomycin
44
Campylobacter enteritis
Clarithromycin
45
Salmonella (non-typhoid)
Ciprofloxacin
46
Shigellosis
Ciprofloxacin
47
Amoaebiasis
Metronidazole
48
Clostridium difficile : Second or subsequent episode of infection:
oral fidaxomicin
49
Lymphogranuloma Venerum
Doxycycline
50
Asymptomatic Bateruria
Nitrofurantoin, amoxicillin or cefalexin
51
Giardiasis
Metrodiazole
52
MRSA suppresion
Mupirocin 2% nasal Chlorohexidine topical
53
MRSA infection
Vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid
54
Leptospirosis
high-dose benzylpenicillin
55
Leptospirosis + allergic to penicillin
Doxycycline
56
Primary herpes in 3rd trimester pregnancy
Oral Acyclovir 400mg TDS + c- section?
57
Lyme disease Symptomatic
Doxycycline
58
Lyme disease allergic
chlorphenamine
59
Prophylaxis of meningitis
Ciprofloxacin
60
Meningitis \< 3 months \> 50 years
Intravenous cefotaxime + amoxicillin (or ampicillin)
61
Meningitis 3 months - 50 years
Intravenous cefotaxime (or ceftriaxone)
62
Meningococcal meningitis
Intravenous benzylpenicillin or cefotaxime (or ceftriaxone)
63
Pneuomococcal meningitis or Meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae
Intravenous cefotaxime (or ceftriaxone)
64
Meningitis caused by Listeria
Intravenous amoxicillin (or ampicillin) + gentamicin
65
Toxoplasmosis immunocomprimised
Pyrimethamine + sulphadiazine
66
Active TB first 2 months
Rifampicin Isoniazid Pyrazinamide Ethambutol
67
Active TB continuation phase - 4 months
Rifampicin Isoniazid
68
Latent TB
3 months of isoniazid (with pyridoxine) and rifampicin OR 6 months of isoniazid (with pyridoxin
69
meningeal tuberculosis
Patients with meningeal tuberculosis are treated for a prolonged period (at least 12 months) with the addition of steroids
70
HIV management
Two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) and either a protease inhibitor (PI) or a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). Entry inhibitors- maraviroc, enfuvirtide Nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) : zidovudine (AZT), abacavir, emtricitabine, didanosine, lamivudine, stavudine, zalcitabine, tenofovir Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) examples: nevirapine, efavirenz ``` Protease inhibitors (PI) examples: indinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir ``` Integrase inhibitors raltegravir, elvitegravir, dolutegravir
71
EBV
Antiretroviral therapy
72
Pneumocystis Jiroveci
Co-trimoxazole
73
Post Splenectomy prophylaxis
Penicillin V
74
Malaria non falciparum Ovale Vivax
ACT or Chloroquine and then primaquine
75
Uncomplicated Malaria Falicparium
(ACTs) as first-line therapy examples include artemether plus lumefantrine, artesunate plus amodiaquine, artesunate plus mefloquine, artesunate plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, dihydroartemisinin plus piperaquine
76
Severe malaria falciparum Parasite counts of more than 2% will usually need parenteral treatment irrespective of clinical state
Intravenous artesunate is now recommended by WHO in preference to intravenous quinine if parasite count \> 10% then exchange transfusion should be considered shock may indicate coexistent bacterial septicaemia - malaria rarely causes haemodynamic collapse
77
Fungal nail infection
do not need to be treated if it is asymptomatic and the patient is not bothered by the appearance diagnosis should be confirmed by microbiology before starting treatment dermatophyte infection: oral terbinafine is currently recommended first-line with oral itraconazole as an alternative 6 weeks - 3 months therapy is needed for fingernail infections whilst toenails should be treated for 3 - 6 months treatment is successful in around 50-80% of people Candida infection: mild disease should be treated with topical antifungals (e.g. Amorolfine) whilst more severe infections should be treated with oral itraconazole for a period of 12 weeks if topical topical treatment is given treatment should be continued for 6 months for fingernails and 9-12 months for toenails

Antibiotic Choices (2 decks)

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