Antibiotic all in one Flashcards
imipenem-cilaststin
Broad spectrum antibiotic
Monitor seizures, CNS problem
Cannot be given IM because of the lidocaine involve
aztreonam
BUN 7 to 20 mg/dL
gentamicin
BBW: nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
trough – I would check that when I’m getting ready to give the next dose
always right before you give a dose
peak – check peak two hrs after you give a dose do not infuse with any other drug
IV 30 minutes to 1hr
ciprofloxacin
a. BBW: tendon rupture
b. Take 2hrs before, 6hrs after antacid
c. Prolong the QT interval and may increase the risks of torsade de pointes and sudden death
tetracycline hydrochloride
a. Digoxin toxicity, photosensitivity
b. Can cross placenta, cross breast milk, grey baby teeth: teratogenic effect
c. If you mix it with another drug, you can get digoxin toxicity
Erythromycin
i. Cardiac effects, with the IV form-possible ventricular dysrhythmias.
i. No grapefruit juice and St John’s wort. Give 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals. Full glass of water. Take at equal intervals.
metronidazole
a. no alcohol: big education piece
b. metallic taste.
c. Very rough on the body
Isoniazid (INH)
a. TB med
b. Tingling, weakness, and numbness
c. BBW: hepatitis
d. Education: Monitor LFT, No phenytoin. Give before meals.
rifampin (RIF),
a. TB med
b. orange fluid
c. use additional contraception
d. difficult on the liver, discoloration of urine
acyclovir
a. Use: Drugs for herpes simplex and varicella-zoster virus- antivirals
i. Herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster
b. Check renal and liver labs: hardest on renal, (I/O monitor), may cause edema
c. You cannot crush it!
zidovudine (AZT)
a. HIV
b. Report any side effect,
c. They should take the drug around the clock to avoid variations in serum peak and trough levels.
amphotericin B deoxycholate
a. Use: To treat progressive and potentially fatal fungal infections.
b. monitor for fever, chills, injection or IV (infusion) site, vitals, temperature
c. LAST RESORT DRUG. very toxic, if we have a choice, we will choose something else
fluconazole
a. Adverse effect: Elevation of liver enzymes and hepatoctoxicity.
b. Which lab value to monitor? For diabetic?
i. Monitor blood sugar in diabetics.
c. Can they be pregnant, lactating or not?
i. Cannot be pregnant
chloroquine phosphate
a. Used: treat malaria
b. Education: Use condom, avoid raw fish, take it on empty stomach. Have vision exam every 3 months - ototoxicity.
i. Take on empty
mebendazole
anthelminitics (worm)
permethrin
a. Used: treatment of infestation Scabies and pediculicides
i. lotion only
Glyburide
a. For type 2 diabetic
b. Need to have functioning beta cell to use it
d. Assess for jaundice, dark urine, contraindicated in diabetic ketoacidosis
Metformin
a. Can crush it but not the XR
b. Can you take it with meal or not?
c. Do not give with acarbose.
Propylthiouracil
Anti-thyroid drugs, treat hyperthyroid
i. Can cause hypothyroid
Levothyroxine
Treat hypothyroid
a. if given too much, can cause hyperthyroid
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
SJS
Renal implication: BUN and Creatinine lab level
hypersensitivity to sulfa drugs
Take at equal interval.
Infuse 60-90 and flush
Monitor for for reaction, no IM. 8-10 glasses of water
Red Man Syndrome
Vancomycin
Gentamicin
