Antibiotic ADRs and Counselling

Question 1

Augmentin ADR

Answer 1

1) Cholestatic jaundice 2) Vaginal mycosis
3) GI esp diarrhea

Question 2

Fosfomycin ADR

Answer 2

1) Headache
2) Diarrhea
3) Vaginitis

Question 3

Nitrofurantoin ADR

Answer 3

1) Brown urine
2) Pulmonary fibrosis (unexplained malaise, cough, shortness of breath)
3) GI
4) Peripheral neuropathy (tingling) with dose accumulation

Question 4

Fluoroquinolone ADR

Answer 4

1) GI
2) Tendonitis
3) Hypo/hyperglycemia
4) Phototoxicity
5) QT prolongation
6) Headache, dizziness

Question 5

Co-trimoxazole ADR

Answer 5

1) GI
2) SJS
3) Phototoxicity
4) Hepatotoxicity
5) Myelosuppression (bone marrow suppression)
6) Hyperkalemia

Question 6

FQ counselling

Answer 6

1) Can take with most foods to reduce GI effects but must seperate from foods or medicine containing multivalent ions such as aluminium- or magnesium containing antacids, or dietary supplements containing iron or zinc (Take FQ 2 hours before or 6 hours after administration of cation product)

2) May cause some headache, dizziness

3) may cause skin to be more senstive to sunlight (consider using sunblock)

4) Discontinue at first sign of pain, especially in elderly (tendonitis concern)

Question 7

Nitrofurantoin counselling

Answer 7

1) May turn your urine brown

2) Take with food to reduce GI side effects (increase absorption also)

Question 8

Co-trimoxazole counselling

Answer 8

1) May cause skin to be sensitive to sunlight (consider using sunblock)

2) Drink plenty of water (avoid crystalluria)

3) Discontinue at first sign of rash

Question 9

Metronidazole ADR

Answer 9

1) GI side effects (N/V, stomach pain)

2) Metallic taste

3) Yeast infection of mouth

4) Convulsive seizures, optic and peripheral neuropathy (rare)

Question 10

Vancomycin ADR

Answer 10

1) Red man syndrome

2) Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity

3) Thrombopheblitis with fever and chills

Question 11

Macrolide ADR

Answer 11

1) GI effects

2) QT prolonging

3) Hepatotoxicity

4) Ototoxicity

Question 12

Doxycycline counselling

Answer 12

1) Take with food to reduce GI upset.

2) Take with a glass of water and main upright for at least 30 min to prevent heartburn.

3) Do not take with milk, Ca or Fe, take 2 hrs apart.

Question 13

Doxycycline ADR

Answer 13

1) GI discomfort

2) Greying of calcified tissues, hypoplasia of teeth, growth stunting

3) Phototoxicity

Question 14

Acyclovir ADR

Answer 14

Malaise, headache (only main SE for Valacyclovir), nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea

Question 15

Valacyclovir/Acyclovir Counselling

Answer 15

1) Take with food to reduce GI upset

2) Maintain adequate hydration