Antibiotic actions Flashcards
What is the action of Penicillin
Interferes with the final step of cell wall biosynthesis - preventing new cell wall formation
What bacteria are penicillins effective against?
Gram positive bacteria
What is the mode of action of amoxicillin clavulanate?
The clavulanic acid inactivates beta-lactamase enzymes produced by the bacteria, preventing the breakdown of amoxicillin and allowing it to inhibit cell wall production.
What bacteria is amoxi-clav effective against?
Gram positive and some gram negative
What makes ampicillin different from penicillin?
Ampicillin covers both gram posiotive and negative bacteria. Penicillin only covers gram positive.
What is the action of Tylosin?
Binds to the 50S ribosome and inhibits protein synthesis.
What is Tylosin effective against?
Limited to gram-positive aerobic bacteria. Clostridium and campylobacter are usually sensitive. It is a macrolide.
What makes Tilmicosin different to Tylosin?
It has enhanced activity against Pasteurella multocida and Pasteurella haemolitica.
What is the mode of action of Trimethoprim Sulphonamide (TMPS)?
Trimethoprim inhibits the synthesis of bacterial DNA and sulphonamides interfere with the synthesis of folic acid.
What is the spectrum of TMPS?
Gram-positive aerobic bacteria
What bacteria is lincosamide effective against?
Gram positive cocci, anaerobic bacteria and atypical bacteria
What is the spectrum of tetracycline?
Broad spectrum. Spirochetes, obligate intracellular bacteria and protozoan parasites
What is the action of tetracycline?
Binds to 30S ribosomes to inhibit protein synthesis - bacteriostatic.
What is the action of cephalosporin
Inhibits cell wall synthesis by inhibition of penicillin-sensitive enzymes.
What is the action of metronidazole?
Interacts with the DNA, inhibiting protein synthesis.
