Antibacterial Clinical Applications

Question 1

strategy for treating pharyngitis

1 spectrum agent that targets gram 2

Answer 1

1. narrow

2. +

Question 2

what drugs may you use to treat pharyngitis

Answer 2

Penicillin V or Amoxicillin - orally

Penicillin G - parenterally

If allergic: macrolides - (caution with CV toxicities)

Question 3

Sinusitis and bronchitis

1. spectrum?
2. gram +/-?
3. drugs

Answer 3

1. broad
2. • and -
3. Amoxicillin and a beta-lactamase inhibitor; (clavulonic acid)

allergic use tetracyclines or fluoroquinolones (caution with CV toxicity)

Question 4

Community acquired pneumonia (CAP)

1. preferred treatment?
2. treatment must include what?

Answer 4

1. tetracycline or fluoroquinolone
2. an agent that does not target the cell wall (if using cell wall inhibitor must use azithromycin)

if using a beta lactam you must combine it with a macrolide

Question 5

How would you treat an uncomplicated skin and soft tissue infection?

Answer 5

narrow spectrum beta lactam

E.g.
Cephalexin
Penicillin
Cefazolin

Question 6

how would you treat a complicated skin and soft tissue infection?

*community acquired MRSA

Answer 6

Doxycycline (broad)

Clindamycin (narrow)

Question 7

how could you treat hospital acquired MRSA

Answer 7

Vancomysin
Linezolid
Daptomycin

Question 8

1st choice drugs for treating UTI different when comparing men and women, but include what?

Answer 8

TMP/SMX

Ciprofloxacin (if develop pyelonephritis)

Question 9

how woudl you trreat intrabdominal infections (e.g. cholangitis, diverticulitis)

Answer 9

broad spectrum beta-lactams or fluoroquinolone

• Ticarcillin + clavulanate
• Ertapenem
• Moxifloxacin

Question 10

antibiotics associated with c. diff

Answer 10

fluoroquinolones

clindamycin

broadspectrum penicillins

broad spectrum cephalosporins

Question 11

what would you use to treat C. diff

Answer 11

metronidazole (moderate)

vancomycin-oral (severe)

Question 12

1. community acquired bacterial meningitis treatment?

2. neonatal?

Answer 12

1. ceftriaxone or cefotaxime + vancomycin (penetrates CSF if meninges are inflamed)
2. Ampicillin* + cephalosporin +/- gentamicin