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DnD Unit 4 > Antibacterial Agents 2: Cell-Wall Synthesis Inhibitors > Flashcards

Antibacterial Agents 2: Cell-Wall Synthesis Inhibitors Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 classes/types of cell wall inhibitor drugs?

A
  1. Vancomycin
  2. Penicillin
  3. Cephalosporin
  4. Carbapenems

“Vice President Cell Crushers”

*BEFORE COMPLETING THE REST OF THESE NOTE CARDS, LOOK AT THE ANTIBIOTIC SPECTRUM THAT FRENCH POSTED ONLINE. FOCUS ON PENICILLINS, CEPHALOS and VANC.

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2
Q

What is B-lactamase and why is it important?

A

It is a bacterial enzyme that breaks down many penicillin drugs and causes resistance

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3
Q

Which drug is used to treat Penicillin resistant bacterias (beta-lactamase or penicillinase).

A

Dicloxacillin

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4
Q

Most cephalosporins act like _________ plus a ______

A

amoxicillin + a beta-lactamase inhibitor)

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5
Q

Know the ~20 drugs and their general targets (ie cell wall inhibition, protein inhibition, DNA inhibition, etc)

A

According to lecture 2.

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6
Q

True or False: Most cephalosporins are not broken down by B lactamase.

A

True.

Most Cephalosporins

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7
Q

How is amoxicillin administered?

A

PO (orally) only

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8
Q

How is Penicillin V administered?

A

PO Only

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9
Q

Which penicillin drugs are administered IV only?

A

Piperacillin*
Penicillin G
Ticarcillin

*most important

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10
Q

How is dicloxicillin administered?

A

Oral Only

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11
Q

How are Penicillins eliminated? Cephalosporins?

A

Both Renal

They are not a DQ-CRIMES drug

Cephalosporins are very similar to penicillins

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12
Q

Which Penicillin is VERY acid resistant?

A

Penicillin V

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13
Q

Which kind of organisms does amoxicillin cover against?

A

Gram + and -

Its an Extended Spectrum Antibiotic

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14
Q

Which kind of organisms does Piperacillin cover against?

A
  1. All Gram + and -
  2. Anaerobic infections (caused by B. fragilis)
  3. Pseudomonas
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15
Q

What is Clavulanic Acid?

A

Its a B-lactamase inhibitor that is frequently combined with Amoxicillin (together known as augmentin)

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16
Q

How do you cover a MSSA (S. Aureus) infection?

A

With Dicloxacillin
OR
Amox/Clav or Pip/Taz

(Clav and Taz are B-lac inhibitors)

17
Q

What is unique about the distribution of 3rd generation cephalosporins? Name them.

A

-They penetrate the Brain real well.

CefTriaxone
CefTazidime

(Cef-T stands for Cef-Three)

18
Q

First generation Cephalosporins can be thought of as a ___________ + a __________.

A

Amoxicilin + Clavulanic Acid

19
Q

TEST QUESTION:

If you develop a rash or anaphylaxis (type 1 response) with use of penicillin, it is okay to take a cephalosporin.

A

FALSE

DONT DO IT.

Use Macrolides instead.

20
Q

Whats a major difference between Amoxicilin and Cephalexin (1st Gen)?

A

Amox is susceptible to B-Lactamase

21
Q

Vancomycin inhibits which stage of protein wall synthesis?

A

Stage 2 and is effective against systemic MRSA and C. Dif.

22
Q

When treating MRSA, how is Vancomycin administered?

A

IV

23
Q

When treating C. Dif, how is Vancomycin administered?

A

PO

24
Q

What are the 3 adverse reactions to Vancomycin?

A
  1. Redman Syndrome infusion related)
  2. Nephrotoxicity
  3. Ototoxicity
25
Q

An infection of MSSA can be treated with ALL penicillins and Cephalosporins EXCEPT:

A

Penecillin and straight amoxicillin.

If extended covereage amoxicillin is used (amox+clav) then it works.

26
Q

Which Penicillins and Cephalosporins cover Gram Negative Rod bacteria?

A

Amoxicillin (all forms)
Piperacillin + Tazo (Pip/taz)

All cephalosporins

27
Q 
Which of the following would best treat a pseudomonas infection? more than 1 possible
Pip/taz
Amox/Clav
Amox
Cephalexin (1st)
Ceftriaxone (3rd)
A

Pip/Taz** Most important

Ceftriaxone (3rd)

28
Q 
Which of the following would best treat an anerobic infection (B. Fragilis)? more than 1 possible
Pip/taz
Amox/Clav
Amox
Cephalexin (1st)
Ceftriaxone (3rd)
A

Pip/Taz

Amox/Clav

29
Q 
Which of the following would best treat an gram negative cocci infection? more than 1 possible
Pip/taz
Amox/Clav
Amox
Cephalexin (1st)
Ceftriaxone (3rd)
A

Ceftriaxone (3rd)

Gram - cocci =N. Gonorrhoeae

DnD Unit 4 (12 decks)

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