Antibacteria Agents

Question 1

Amoxicillin (amino penicillins)

Sinus congestion w/t fever

Answer 1

Mechanism: Bind PBP and block peptidoglycan cross linking so there is no cell wall formation.

Use: Extended spectrum, For Gram -ve RODS (H. Influenza, E. coli, Listeria, Salmonella) . Also Gram +ve cocci (Enterococci) and Gram -ve cocci (Neisseria)

Side Effect: Skin rash, diarrhea

Other: other Beta-Lactamases drugs
Resistance : Beta-Lactamases (Clavulanic acid or Sulbactam)

Question 2

Methicillin

Specific IV Antibiotic (Not Broad Spectrum)

Answer 2

Mechanism: Bind PBP and prevent peptidoglycan cross linking, bacteria cell wall cannot form

Use: For Staphylococcus infections (S. Aureus)
Inactive against Enterococci, anaerobes, Gram -ve bacteria.

Side Effect: Interstitial nephritis (methicillin)neutropenia (nafcillin) Hepatitis (oxacillin)

Resistance: Beta-Lactamases. Methicillin have bigger structure, often susceptible to resistance. Methicillin-resistant S.aureus.

Question 3

Piperacillin

For aggressive organisms
Burn victim

Answer 3

Mechanism: Bind PBP

Use: For Pseudomonas and Gram -ve Rods (Klebsiella)

Side effect: Allergic reactions

Other: Use Tazobactam to block resistance.
Piperacillin is often added to broaden coverage for Gram -ve bacteria and S.aureus.

Question 4

Penicillin G (IV), pencillin V(oral)

STI/STD

Answer 4

Mechanism:Bind PBP block formation of peptidoglycan cross linking leads to inhibition of cell wall

Use:Gram +vie cocci (streptococci,enterococcus), Gram -ve cocci (Neisseria) and Spirochetes (treponema pallium)

Side effect: Coomb’s +ve Hemolytic Anemia

Other drugs: Beta -lac tam drugs (ampicillin, piperacillin, azteronam)

Resistance: Beta Lactamases