Antibacteria

Question 1

Cephalosporins drugs

Answer 1

CEfazolin
CEftriaxone
CEphalexin

Question 2

Examples:
ImipENEM
meropENEM

Answer 2

Carbapenems

Question 3

Examples:
Amoxicillin
Penicillin V potassium

Answer 3

Penicillins

Question 4

Side effects and adverse effects of antibiotics

Answer 4

S/e: GI- diarrhea, vomiting; yeast effects

A/e: allergic rxn, anaphylaxis , C. Diff

Question 5

Cell synthesis inhibitors-

Answer 5

Penicillins
Carbapenems
Cephalosporins
Other- vancomycin

Question 6

Side effects of penicillins & cephalosporins

Answer 6

Diarrhea

Itchiness

Question 7

Side effects: irritation at IV site

Answer 7

Carbapenems & Vancomycin

Question 8

Adverse effect of Penicillin

Answer 8

General antibiotics adverse effects: allergic rxn, anaphylaxis, C. Diff

Question 9

Adverse effect: nephrotoxicity

Answer 9

Cephalosporins

Question 10

Carbapenems adverse effects

Answer 10

Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Seizures

Question 11

Adverse effects:
Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Red Man Syndrome

Answer 11

Vancomycin

Question 12

What is Red Man Syndrome

Answer 12

Body is producing histamine release leads to a drop in BP. This leads to red color in the patient.
To prevent RMS: slow down rate of infusion
Give anti-histamine

Question 13

Cephalosporins: check before

Answer 13

Give 1 hour before or 4 hours after iron or antiacid

Check kidney function (BUN, Creatine, urine output)

Question 14

Check before: Carbapenems

Answer 14

Check for previous seizures

Question 15

Check before: vancomycin

Answer 15

Give slowly

Question 16

Cell wall synthesis inhibitors: check after

Answer 16

Oral dose: check hourly for 4 hours after 1st dose

IV dose: check every 15-30 mins for 2 hours after 1st dose

Question 17

Aminoglycosides (can be IV or IM)

Answer 17

TAG
Tobramycin
Amikacin
Gentamicin

Question 18

Marolides

Answer 18

ACE
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Erythromycin

Question 19

Tetracyclines

Answer 19

DT
Doxycycline
Tetracycline

Question 20

Protein systems is inhibitors

Answer 20

Aminoglycosides
Macrolides
Tetracycline
Clindamycin
Linezolid

Question 21

S/e of aminoglycosides

Answer 21

N/V, diarrhea, rash, fever, malaise, lethargy

Question 22

S/e:

N/V, diarrhea, photosensitivity

Answer 22

Macrolides

Question 23

S/e:

N/V, diarrhea, sore tongue, photosensitivity

Answer 23

Tetracyclines

Question 24

Lindzolid s/e

Answer 24

Increase BP with a person that has high BP

Question 25

Adverse effects: | Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neuromuscular blockade (muscle weakness, respiratory depression)

Answer 25

Aminoglycosides

Question 26

Macrolides

Answer 26

Serious drug interactions (digoxin & Coumadin); notorious for failed birth control

Question 27

Tetracycline A/E

Answer 27

Increased ICP

Question 28

Clindamycin A/E

Answer 28

Decreased WBCs, reduced liver function

Question 29

Linezolid | A/E

Answer 29

Reduces RBCs & platelets, damage to optic nerve

Question 30

Before giving aminoglycosides

Answer 30

Assess breathing baseline | BUN & creatinine, hearing, muscle strength

Question 31

Before giving Macrolides

Answer 31

Check danger with other drugs, give IV erythromycin within 8 hours of Dilution

Question 32

Check before giving tetracyclines

Answer 32

Food, antacids, diary products decrease absorption | Therefore better on empty stomach

Question 33

After administration of Linezolid

Answer 33

Check BP

Question 34

Check after giving Macrolides

Answer 34

HR & rhythm q 4hours & prn

Question 35

Tetracycline: check after giving

Answer 35

Drug interactions with Coumadin

Question 36

Check after giving Aminoglycosides

Answer 36

Hearing, temperature, I&O, lab values (BUN & creatinine)

Question 37

Teaching of Macrolides

Answer 37

Take with food to decrease GI side effects Avoid sun exposure Erythromycin reduces effect of BC pills

Question 38

Tetracycline teachings

Answer 38

Take 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals; don't take with milk Increase fluid intake

Question 39

Linezolid teaching

Answer 39

Avoid taking with food containing tyramine

Question 40

Metabolism inhibitors

Answer 40

Sulfonamides: sulfadiazine sodium & trimethoprim Combo drugs: trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole

Question 41

Side effects of metabolism inhibitors

Answer 41

Headache, fever, rash, photosensitivity

Question 42

Adverse effects of metabolism inhibitors

Answer 42

Kidney stones (sulfonamide ) Suppression of bone marrow Steven-Johnson syndrome Hepatitis (noninfectious)

Question 43

Check before: metabolism inhibitors

Answer 43

Sulfa allergies | Lab tests: G6pd deficiency affects RBCs and when med Is given, it will cause RBC hemolysis

Question 44

Check after: metabolism inhibitors

Answer 44

Jaundice, bruises, petechia, blisters, Increase fluids to prevent stones

Question 45

Fluoroquinolones

Answer 45

Ciprofloxacin | Levofloxacin

Question 46

Ciprofloxacin

Answer 46

Treats many infections | Don't treat staph it gonorrhea anymore

Question 47

Concentrate in urine- increase fluid intake | Increase risk for C diff

Answer 47

Dna synthesis inhibitors | Fluoroquinolones - Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin

Question 48

Rash, nausea, abdominal pain, pain | Headache

Answer 48

Fluoroquinolones

Question 49

Adverse effects of dna synthesis

Answer 49

``` Serious heart dysrhythmias Neurotoxicity Peripheral neuropathy Steven-Johnson syndrome Changes in blood glucose levels (if pt is DM) Tendon rupture ```

Question 50

Fluoroquinolones check before

Answer 50

Pt also taking iron, vitamin, antiacids Antidysrhythmic drug therapy

Question 51

Check after

Answer 51

Heart rate and rhythm q4h

Question 52

Patient teaching Fluoroquinolones

Answer 52

Take with full glass of water, increase fluid throughout the day Check pulse twice daily If diabetic, check blood glucose more often Stop drug and notify prescriber of any tendon or joint pain/swelling