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Pharm II > Antibacteria > Flashcards

Antibacteria Flashcards

1
Q

Cephalosporins drugs

A

CEfazolin
CEftriaxone
CEphalexin

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2
Q

Examples:
ImipENEM
meropENEM

A

Carbapenems

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3
Q

Examples:
Amoxicillin
Penicillin V potassium

A

Penicillins

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4
Q

Side effects and adverse effects of antibiotics

A

S/e: GI- diarrhea, vomiting; yeast effects

A/e: allergic rxn, anaphylaxis , C. Diff

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5
Q

Cell synthesis inhibitors-

A

Penicillins
Carbapenems
Cephalosporins
Other- vancomycin

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6
Q

Side effects of penicillins & cephalosporins

A

Diarrhea

Itchiness

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7
Q

Side effects: irritation at IV site

A

Carbapenems & Vancomycin

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8
Q

Adverse effect of Penicillin

A

General antibiotics adverse effects: allergic rxn, anaphylaxis, C. Diff

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9
Q

Adverse effect: nephrotoxicity

A

Cephalosporins

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10
Q

Carbapenems adverse effects

A

Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Seizures

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11
Q

Adverse effects:
Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Red Man Syndrome

A

Vancomycin

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12
Q

What is Red Man Syndrome

A

Body is producing histamine release leads to a drop in BP. This leads to red color in the patient.
To prevent RMS: slow down rate of infusion
Give anti-histamine

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13
Q

Cephalosporins: check before

A

Give 1 hour before or 4 hours after iron or antiacid

Check kidney function (BUN, Creatine, urine output)

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14
Q

Check before: Carbapenems

A

Check for previous seizures

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15
Q

Check before: vancomycin

A

Give slowly

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16
Q

Cell wall synthesis inhibitors: check after

A

Oral dose: check hourly for 4 hours after 1st dose

IV dose: check every 15-30 mins for 2 hours after 1st dose

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17
Q

Aminoglycosides (can be IV or IM)

A

TAG
Tobramycin
Amikacin
Gentamicin

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18
Q

Marolides

A

ACE
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Erythromycin

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19
Q

Tetracyclines

A

DT
Doxycycline
Tetracycline

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20
Q

Protein systems is inhibitors

A 
Aminoglycosides
Macrolides
Tetracycline
Clindamycin
Linezolid
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21
Q

S/e of aminoglycosides

A

N/V, diarrhea, rash, fever, malaise, lethargy

22
Q

S/e:

N/V, diarrhea, photosensitivity

A

Macrolides

23
Q

S/e:

N/V, diarrhea, sore tongue, photosensitivity

A

Tetracyclines

24
Q

Lindzolid s/e

A

Increase BP with a person that has high BP

25
Q

Adverse effects:

Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neuromuscular blockade (muscle weakness, respiratory depression)

A

Aminoglycosides

26
Q

Macrolides

A

Serious drug interactions (digoxin & Coumadin); notorious for failed birth control

27
Q

Tetracycline A/E

A

Increased ICP

28
Q

Clindamycin A/E

A

Decreased WBCs, reduced liver function

29
Q

Linezolid

A/E

A

Reduces RBCs & platelets, damage to optic nerve

30
Q

Before giving aminoglycosides

A

Assess breathing baseline

BUN & creatinine, hearing, muscle strength

31
Q

Before giving Macrolides

A

Check danger with other drugs, give IV erythromycin within 8 hours of
Dilution

32
Q

Check before giving tetracyclines

A

Food, antacids, diary products decrease absorption

Therefore better on empty stomach

33
Q

After administration of Linezolid

A

Check BP

34
Q

Check after giving Macrolides

A

HR & rhythm q 4hours & prn

35
Q

Tetracycline: check after giving

A

Drug interactions with Coumadin

36
Q

Check after giving Aminoglycosides

A

Hearing, temperature, I&O, lab values (BUN & creatinine)

37
Q

Teaching of Macrolides

A

Take with food to decrease GI side effects
Avoid sun exposure
Erythromycin reduces effect of BC pills

38
Q

Tetracycline teachings

A

Take 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals; don’t take with milk

Increase fluid intake

39
Q

Linezolid teaching

A

Avoid taking with food containing tyramine

40
Q

Metabolism inhibitors

A

Sulfonamides: sulfadiazine sodium & trimethoprim

Combo drugs: trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole

41
Q

Side effects of metabolism inhibitors

A

Headache, fever, rash, photosensitivity

42
Q

Adverse effects of metabolism inhibitors

A

Kidney stones (sulfonamide )
Suppression of bone marrow
Steven-Johnson syndrome
Hepatitis (noninfectious)

43
Q

Check before: metabolism inhibitors

A

Sulfa allergies

Lab tests: G6pd deficiency affects RBCs and when med Is given, it will cause RBC hemolysis

44
Q

Check after: metabolism inhibitors

A

Jaundice, bruises, petechia, blisters, Increase fluids to prevent stones

45
Q

Fluoroquinolones

A

Ciprofloxacin

Levofloxacin

46
Q

Ciprofloxacin

A

Treats many infections

Don’t treat staph it gonorrhea anymore

47
Q

Concentrate in urine- increase fluid intake

Increase risk for C diff

A

Dna synthesis inhibitors

Fluoroquinolones - Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin

48
Q

Rash, nausea, abdominal pain, pain

Headache

A

Fluoroquinolones

49
Q

Adverse effects of dna synthesis

A 
Serious heart dysrhythmias 
Neurotoxicity
Peripheral neuropathy 
Steven-Johnson syndrome
Changes in blood glucose levels (if pt is DM)
Tendon rupture
50
Q

Fluoroquinolones check before

A

Pt also taking iron, vitamin, antiacids

Antidysrhythmic drug therapy

51
Q

Check after

A

Heart rate and rhythm q4h

52
Q

Patient teaching Fluoroquinolones

A

Take with full glass of water, increase fluid throughout the day
Check pulse twice daily
If diabetic, check blood glucose more often
Stop drug and notify prescriber of any tendon or joint pain/swelling

Pharm II (4 decks)

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