Antiagregantes plaquetarios

Question 1

Inhibidor de las ciclooxigenasas

Answer 1

ÁCIDO ACETILSALICÍLICO

Question 3

What is the primary action of acetylsalicylic acid?

Answer 3

It inhibits cyclooxygenases (COX), reducing the production of prostaglandins.

Question 4

True or False: Acetylsalicylic acid is also known as aspirin.

Answer 4

True.

Question 5

Fill in the blank: Acetylsalicylic acid is commonly used as an ________ and ________ agent.

Answer 5

analgesic and anti-inflammatory

Question 6

What are the two main types of cyclooxygenases inhibited by acetylsalicylic acid?

Answer 6

COX-1 and COX-2.

Question 7

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a common use of acetylsalicylic acid? A) Treating infections B) Reducing fever C) Curing cancer

Answer 7

B) Reducing fever.

Question 8

What is one of the cardiovascular benefits of acetylsalicylic acid?

Answer 8

It reduces the risk of blood clots.

Question 9

True or False: Acetylsalicylic acid can cause gastrointestinal bleeding.

Answer 9

True.

Question 10

What is the mechanism by which acetylsalicylic acid exerts its antiplatelet effect?

Answer 10

By irreversibly inhibiting the COX-1 enzyme in platelets.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: Acetylsalicylic acid is often prescribed to patients after a ________ to prevent further heart problems.

Answer 11

myocardial infarction

Question 12

Multiple choice: Which of the following conditions is acetylsalicylic acid NOT typically used to treat? A) Arthritis B) Asthma C) Headaches

Answer 12

B) Asthma.

Question 13

What is the role of prostaglandins in the body?

Answer 13

They are involved in inflammation, pain, and fever responses.

Question 14

True or False: Acetylsalicylic acid is considered a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).

Answer 14

True.

Question 15

What side effect is commonly associated with long-term use of acetylsalicylic acid?

Answer 15

Gastrointestinal ulcers.

Question 16

Fill in the blank: Acetylsalicylic acid is contraindicated in patients with a history of ________ disorders.

Answer 16

bleeding

Question 17

What is the recommended dose of acetylsalicylic acid for cardiovascular protection?

Answer 17

Typically 81 mg daily.

Question 18

Multiple choice: Which enzyme does acetylsalicylic acid acetylate to exert its effects? A) COX-3 B) COX-1 C) COX-2

Answer 18

B) COX-1.

Question 19

What is Reye’s syndrome, and how is it related to acetylsalicylic acid?

Answer 19

A serious condition that can occur in children taking acetylsalicylic acid during viral infections.

Question 20

True or False: Acetylsalicylic acid can be used in pregnant women without any risks.

Answer 20

False.

Question 21

What is the effect of acetylsalicylic acid on fever?

Answer 21

It helps to lower fever.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: Acetylsalicylic acid can lead to ________ in people with asthma.

Answer 22

bronchospasm

Question 23

What is the chemical formula of acetylsalicylic acid?

Answer 23

C9H8O4.

Question 24

Multiple choice: Acetylsalicylic acid is available in which of the following forms? A) Liquid B) Tablet C) Both A and B

Answer 24

C) Both A and B.

Question 25

What should be monitored in patients taking high doses of acetylsalicylic acid?

Answer 25

Renal function.

Question 26

True or False: Acetylsalicylic acid is effective in treating all types of pain.

Answer 26

False.

Question 28

What is clopidogrel?

Answer 28

Clopidogrel is an irreversible antagonist of the P2Y12 receptor.

Question 29

True or False: Clopidogrel is a reversible antagonist of the P2Y12 receptor.

Answer 29

False.

Question 30

What type of medication is clopidogrel classified as?

Answer 30

Clopidogrel is classified as an antiplatelet medication.

Question 31

Fill in the blank: Clopidogrel is primarily used to prevent _____ and _____ in patients with cardiovascular diseases.

Answer 31

thrombosis; atherothrombotic events.

Question 32

Which receptor does clopidogrel target?

Answer 32

Clopidogrel targets the P2Y12 receptor.

Question 33

What is the mechanism of action of clopidogrel?

Answer 33

Clopidogrel inhibits platelet aggregation by blocking the P2Y12 receptor, preventing ADP from activating platelets.

Question 34

True or False: Clopidogrel requires metabolic activation to exert its effects.

Answer 34

True.

Question 35

What is the primary indication for clopidogrel?

Answer 35

Clopidogrel is primarily indicated for the prevention of cardiovascular events such as heart attack and stroke.

Question 36

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common side effect of clopidogrel? A) Hypertension B) Bleeding C) Hyperglycemia

Answer 36

B) Bleeding

Question 37

What is the importance of the P2Y12 receptor in platelet function?

Answer 37

The P2Y12 receptor plays a crucial role in platelet activation and aggregation.

Question 38

Fill in the blank: Clopidogrel is often used in combination with _____ for enhanced antiplatelet effect.

Answer 38

aspirin.

Question 39

True or False: Clopidogrel can be used in patients with a history of gastrointestinal bleeding.

Answer 39

False; caution is advised.

Question 40

What is the loading dose of clopidogrel typically used in acute coronary syndrome?

Answer 40

The loading dose is usually 300 mg or 600 mg.

Question 41

Multiple Choice: Clopidogrel is metabolized primarily by which enzyme? A) CYP3A4 B) CYP2C19 C) CYP1A2

Answer 41

B) CYP2C19

Question 42

What is a key consideration for patients taking clopidogrel?

Answer 42

Patients should be monitored for signs of bleeding.

Question 43

True or False: Clopidogrel can be taken without regard to meals.

Answer 43

True.

Question 44

What effect does clopidogrel have on the risk of myocardial infarction?

Answer 44

Clopidogrel reduces the risk of myocardial infarction.

Question 45

Fill in the blank: Clopidogrel is an important component of dual antiplatelet therapy, especially after _____ procedures.

Answer 45

stenting.

Question 46

What should be done if a patient experiences a major bleeding event while on clopidogrel?

Answer 46

Clopidogrel should be discontinued immediately.

Question 47

Multiple Choice: Which of the following patients may require alternative antiplatelet therapy? A) Patients with CYP2C19 polymorphisms B) Patients with hypertension C) Patients over 65 years old

Answer 47

A) Patients with CYP2C19 polymorphisms

Question 48

What is the recommended maintenance dose of clopidogrel after the loading dose?

Answer 48

The recommended maintenance dose is 75 mg daily.

Question 49

True or False: Clopidogrel should be stopped before surgery to reduce bleeding risk.

Answer 49

True.

Question 50

What is one potential interaction that can affect clopidogrel's efficacy?

Answer 50

Use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can reduce clopidogrel's effectiveness.

Question 51

Fill in the blank: Clopidogrel is contraindicated in patients with a history of _____.

Answer 51

hypersensitivity to the drug.

Question 52

What is the role of clopidogrel in the management of acute coronary syndrome?

Answer 52

It helps prevent further clot formation and reduces the risk of subsequent cardiac events.

Question 53

True or False: Clopidogrel can be used in combination with anticoagulants without concern.

Answer 53

False; careful monitoring is required.