anti virals Flashcards
what is a retro virus
RNA virus replicating to DNA which is inserted into the host nucleus
what is the general structure of a virus?
genetic material
capsid- protein shell surrounding genetic material
then a lipid envelope containing envelope proteins
what drug is used to treat Hep B and what is its MOA?
Tenofovir
nucleotide analogue which blocks replication of the DNA. not a cure but it contains the disease
what drugs are used to treat hep C ?
ribavirin
nucleoside analogue which prevents viral RNA synthesis
boceprevir
protease inhibitor
what is the HIV life cycle?
- attachment & entry- viral glycoprotein gp120 attaches to CD4 receptor on WBC membrane. also binds to either ccr5 or cxcr4. viral endocytosis
- replication & integration- within cytoplasm reverse transctriptase converts viral RNA –> DNA. DNA transported into nucleus and integrated into host DNA. impossible to remove
- assembly & release- utilisation of host cell protein synthesis machinery to produce more virus
what HIV drugs targets the attachment and entry part of the virus life cycle? and give their MOA
enfruvirtide- binds to HIV gp41 transmembrane glycoprotein
maraviroc- blocks CCR5 chemokine receptor
what HIV drugs target viral replication and give their MOA
zidovudine- nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
tenofovir- nucleotide RT inhibitor
which HIV drugs target the assembly and release of the virus? and MOA
saquinavir- 1st generation protease inhibitors
low dose ritanovir reduces protease inhibitormetabolism so co administered as booster
describe the virology of herpes virus
ds DNA
surrounded by tegument & enclosed in a lipid bilayer
what is the treatment for herpes infection?
acyclovir
what are the different types of herpes virus and what do the cause?
herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 –> cold sores
HSV2–> genital herpes
describe the virology of influenza
multiple ss RNA
envelope protein neuraminidase
what treatment can be used for
oseltamivir - neuraminidase inhibitor
