Anti-Viral Drugs Flashcards
which hepatitis is curable vs incurable
b is incurable c is curable
what can hepatitis cause without treatment
liver cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma
What type of virus is HIV
retrovirus
what cells does his target
leukocytes
which hepatitis is a DNA virus
hep B
which hepatitis is an RNA virus
hep C
what is the target cell for hepatitis
hepatocytes
what type of virus is herpes simplex
DNA
what type of virus is influenza
RNA
what are the classes of antiretroviral drugs (4)
HIV entry inhibitors
HIV RT inhibitors
HIV integrase inhibitors
HIV protease inhibitors
not including standard antiretroviral drugs, what other antiviral drugs are there (3)
nucleotide analogues
protease inhibitors
neuraminidase inhibitors
The specific drugs and the duration of treatment for HCV depend on: (6)
- HCV genotype (genetic structure of the virus)
- viral load
- past treatment experience
- degree of liver damage
- ability to tolerate the prescribed treatment
- need for liver transplant
Treatment for hep b?
nucleotide analogue tenofovir
treatment for hep c?
- Ribavirin-> nucleoside (nucleoside is without the sugar) analogue prevents viral RNA synthesis
- Boceprevir-> protease inhibitor – Most effective against Hep C genotype 1
Difference between nucleoside and nucleotide?
nucleoside is without the sugar
3 stages of the HIV life cycle?
ATTACHMENT AND ENTRY
REPLICATION AND INTEGRATION
ASSEMBLY AND RELEASE
Different types of RT inhibitors?
Nucleoside RT inhibitors
Nucleotide RT inhibitors
Non-nucleoside RT inhibitors
Difference between the 3 RT inhibitors?
Nucleoside RT inhibitors -Activated by 3 step phosphorylation process e.g. Zidovudine
Nucleotide RT inhibitors - Fewer phosphorylation steps required e.g. Tenofovir
Non-nucleoside RT inhibitors No phosphorylation required, not incorporated into viral DNA e.g. Efavirenz
what does viral integrate do
integrase inserts viral DNA into host DNA
MOA of protease inhibitors?
- Gag precursor encodes all viral structural proteins
- HIV protease cleaves Gag precursor protein
- Protease inhibitors obvs inhibit this
What is the main reason HIV can’t be cured
Viral integrase is one of the main reasons HIV can’t be cured easily as it integrates the viral DNA with human DNA.
What surround HSV?
tegument and a lipid bilayer
treatment for HSV?
Nucleoside analogues e.g. Acyclovir
What is the purpose of neuraminidase
- Neuraminidase is important for releasing the virus from the cell its in
