Anti-seizure meds Flashcards

1
Q

Mechanism Carbamazepine

A

-stabilizes “inactivated” state of VG Na+ channels –> decrease in repetitive firing
Presynaptic –> diminish glutamate release

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2
Q

Mechanism ethosuximide

A

Blocks VG T-type dependent Ca channel, disrupting pacemaker activity; Works on thalamic neurons, which may stop them from generating rhythmic cortical discharges that occur during absence seizures
Presynaptic

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3
Q

Levetiracetam mechanism

A

Affects synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, resulting in decreased glutamate release but increased GABA release
Synaptic vesicle proteins in presynaptic neurons

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4
Q

Topiramate mech

A

Increased inactivation of VG Na+ channels

  • blocks presynaptic (N; P/Q) VG Ca2+ channels
  • enhances GABAa-receptor currents (not via BZD receptor)
  • limits activation of AMPA-kainate subtypes of the glutamate receptor (post synaptic)
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5
Q

Phenytoin mech

A

Prolongs Inactivation phase of v-gated sodium channels which prevents rapid firing of action potentials; also see decreased glutamate release (presynaptic)

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6
Q

valproic acid mech

A

Decreases repetitive firing, potentially via multiple mechanisms: block of VG Na+, NMDA receptor block, decreases GABA reuptake (GAT-1); reduces the flow of Ca2+ through T-type Ca2+ channels

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7
Q

phenobarbital mech

A

GABA-A: Increase in the duration of chloride channel-opening events; Also depress the excitatory actions glutamate via binding to the AMPA receptor

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8
Q

Diazepam/lorazepam mech

A

GABA-A: Increase in the frequency of chloride channel-opening events

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9
Q

Gabapentin

A

Designed as GABA analog, but primarily inhibits high-voltage-activated Ca2+ channels (decreases Ca2+ entry)

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