Anti-schizophrenic drugs

Question 1

Define schizophrenia in terms of +ve and -ve symptoms

Answer 1

A neurological conditions characterised by +ve symtoms (ones that shouldn’t be there):
hallucinations(auiatory/visual)
delusions = paranoia
thought disorder = denial

and -ve symptoms (ones that should be present but aren't)
affective flattening 
no pleasure from everyday activities
apathy/avolition = lack of motivation
alogia = lack of speech

Question 2

DAergic pathways affected in schizophrenia and how?

Answer 2

Mesolimbic - increased DA -> +ve symptoms

Mesocortical - decreased DA -> -ve symptoms

Question 3

Prevalance and cause of schizophrenia

Answer 3

1% population, strongly genetic

Question 4

Name for antischizophrenic drugs

Answer 4

antipsychotics

Question 5

Main MOA of antipsychhotics

Answer 5

Decreasing +ve symptoms

Question 6

1st gen antipsychotics

Answer 6

Chlorpromazine

Haloperidol

Question 7

MOA of Chlorpromazine and Haloperidol

Answer 7

D2R antagonists

Question 8

SE of chlorpromazine

Answer 8

high incidence: anticholinergic, sedation

Low incidence: extrapyramidal symptoms

Question 9

SE of haloperidol

Answer 9

high incidence EPS

Question 10

2nd gen antipsychotics

Answer 10

Clozapine, risperidone, quetiapine, aripiprizole

Question 11

MOA and use of chlozapine

Answer 11

5-HT2AR antagonist, most effective, used in resistant schizophrenias and reduces -ve symptoms

Question 12

SE of chlozapine

Answer 12

potentially fatal neutropenia, agranulocytosis, myocarditis, weight gain

Question 13

MOA of risperadone

Answer 13

5-HT2AR and D2R antagonist

Question 14

SE of risperadone

Answer 14

more EPS and hyperprolactinaemia

Question 15

Pharmacodynamic feature of all antipsychotics

Answer 15

multiple affinities to a range of receptors

typically dirty drugs, non-specific

Question 16

MOA of quitiapine

Answer 16

H1R antagonist

Question 17

SE of quitiapine

Answer 17

lower incidence of EPS

Question 18

MOA of aripiprizole

Answer 18

partial agonist of D2R and 5-HT1AR (therefore acts as an antagonist when activity too high and agonist when activity too low)

Question 19

SE of aripiprizole

Answer 19

lower incidence of weight gain and hyperprolactinaemia