Anti-psychotics Flashcards
first generation antipsychotics
haldol and chlorpromazin
atypical antipsychotics: 2nd and 3rd generations
2nd: risperidone, quetiapine, clozapine
3rd: aripiprazole
what antipsychotic drug is given as a long-acting injectable?
paliperidone
which is the last resort medication that is very effective?
clozapine
what are extra pyramidal symtoms associated with antipsychotics?
acute dystonia (neck and eyes get stiff), parkinsonism, akathisia (“not sitting”), and tardive dyskinesia (mouth-related or large body movements)
what medication wouuld I give to treat pseudoparkinsonism, rigidity or akathisia
benzotropine mesylate (antiparkinson agent)
how would i treat an acute or urgent dystonia situation?
cogentin or benadryl IM
how would I treat tardive dyskinesia?
it is irreversible, but we could switch to a 2nd gen or decrease dosage
what is neuroleptic malignant syndrome? when is it most likely to occur? what organ or system does it affect? what is a risk factor?
potentially fatal adverse reaction to antipsychotic drug usually within first 30 days of starting (could be after switching or dose increase). risk factor is dehydration
how are we screening for neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
vital signs, esp. temp and tachy everything and labile BP, assess mental status, rigidity, look at renal function
how do we treat neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
discontinue the med, give bromocriptine
what are some side effects of atypical antipsychotics?
hyperpyrexia, metabolic syndrome, sedation, sexual side effects, arrythmias
what is the big risk that akes clozapine a last resort?
agranulocytosis - destruction of neutrophils and WBCs
why would a sore throat be concerning in someone on clozapine?
low WBCs
