Anti-parasitic drugs Flashcards
What 3 parasites are protozoa?
Giardia, Entamoeba histolytica, Cryptosporidium
What drugs can be used to treat protozoa?
Metronidazol/Tinidazole, Nitazoxanide, Iodoquinol, Paromomycin
What is the MOA of metronidazol?
Creates reactive intermediates like free radicals
What is the mechanism of action of nitazoxanide?
Inhibits pyruvate::ferredoxin oxidoreductase enzyme
What is the MOA of paromomycin
Selectively inhibits ribosomal 30S subunit
What parasites are nematodes (roundworms)?
Strongyloides stercoralis, Trichuris trichiuri, Enterobius vermicularis, Necatur americanus, Ascaris lumbricoides
What drugs can be used to treat nematodes?
Albendazol/Mebendazole, Pyrantal pamoate/levamisole, Invermectin
What is the MOA of albendazole/mebendazole?
Binds to parasitic beta-tubulin and inhibits formation of microtubules
What is the MOA of pyrantal pamoate and levamisole?
Opens acetylcholine receptor ion channels making the parasite contract
What is the MOA of invermectin?
Binds and activates glutamate-gated chloride channels paralyzing the parasite
What parasites are tapeworms/cestodes?
Diphyllobrothrium (fish), Taenia (beef/pork), Echinococcus (dogs)
What drugs can be used to treat tapeworms/cestodes?
Praziquental, and albendazole/mebendazole
What is the MOA of praziquental?
Increased permeability to divalent cations causing contraction of parasite’s muscles
What parasites are trematodes/flukes?
Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosomi japonicum
What is the treatment of trematodes/flukes? (Schistosoma)
Praziquantel
